Enhanced bone formation of rat mandibular bone defects with collagen membranes loaded on bone morphogenetic protein-9.

Background/purpose: Bone morphogenetic protein-9 (BMP-9) has demonstrated multiple advantages in promoting osteogenesis. Our previous findings have indicated that the use of an absorbable collagen membrane (ACM) as a carrier for growth factors is effective in stimulating bone regeneration. The objective of this study was to assess the synergistic impact of BMP-9 incorporated into ACM (ACM/BMP-9) on bone formation within rat mandibular bone defects.

Co-Stimulation of AGEs and LPS Induces Inflammatory Mediators through PLCγ1/JNK/NF-κB Pathway in MC3T3-E1 Cells.

Advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) are increased under hyperglycemia in vivo and are associated with the onset of diabetes. According to previous studies, AGEs exacerbate inflammatory diseases. However, the mechanism by which AGEs aggravate osteoblast inflammation remains unknown.

Growth Factor Delivery Using a Collagen Membrane for Bone Tissue Regeneration.

The use of biomaterials and bioactive agents has shown promise in bone defect repair, leading to the development of strategies for bone regeneration. Various artificial membranes, especially collagen membranes (CMs) that are widely used for periodontal therapy and provide an extracellular matrix-simulating environment, play a significant role in promoting bone regeneration. In addition, numerous growth factors (GFs) have been used as clinical applications in regenerative therapy.

Real-time assessment of guided bone regeneration in critical size mandibular bone defects in rats using collagen membranes with adjunct fibroblast growth factor-2.

Background/purpose: Fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) regulates bone formation. The concept of guided bone regeneration using a resorbable collagen membrane (RCM) is generally accepted in implant dentistry. This study aimed to investigate the bone healing pattern in rat mandibular bone defects in real-time with and without RCM containing FGF-2 (RCM/FGF-2).

Clinical classification of tooth position in the alveolar bone housing with periodontal defects.

A new classification of tooth position in the alveolar bone housing, which indicates the width of alveolar bone for buccolingual direction, with bone defects caused by periodontal disease is proposed. This classification highlights the importance of tooth position in the alveolar bone housing in terms of the progression of the regenerative process and the factors that may affect the prognosis of compromised teeth after regenerative surgery. Tooth positions were divided into two groups: (i) The whole tooth is centrally positioned in the existing alveolar bone housing (Grade I) and (ii) A part of the tooth is exposed out of the existing alveolar bone housing (Grade II).

Released fibroblast growth factor18 from a collagen membrane induces osteoblastic activity involved with downregulation of miR-133a and miR-135a.

We have developed a unique delivery system of growth factors using collagen membranes (CMs) to induce bone regeneration. We hypothesized that fibroblast growth factor18 (FGF-18), a pleiotropic protein that stimulates proliferation in several tissues, can be a good candidate to use our delivery system for bone regeneration. Cell viability, cell proliferation, alkaline phosphatase activity, mineralization, and marker gene expression of osteoblastic differentiation were evaluated after mouse preosteoblasts were cultured with a CM containing FGF-18, a CM containing platelet-derived growth factor, or a CM alone.

A collagen membrane containing osteogenic protein-1 facilitates bone regeneration in a rat mandibular bone defect.

Objectives: Osteogenic protein-1 (OP-1) has shown osteoinductive activities and is useful for clinical treatments, including bone regeneration. Regenerative procedures using a bioabsorbable collagen membrane (BCM) are well established in periodontal and implant dentistry. We evaluated the subsequent effects of the BCM in combination with OP-1 on bone regeneration in a rat mandibular circular critical-sized bone defect in vivo.

Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced IL-6 and RANKL expression in osteoblasts.

Periodontal disease is caused by inflammation induced by Porphyromonas gingivalis (P.g.) lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and involves expression of proinflammatory cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, and receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand (RANKL), which are implicated in bone resorption.

Ex vivo nonviral gene delivery of μ-opioid receptor to attenuate cancer-induced pain.

Virus-mediated gene delivery shows promise for the treatment of chronic pain. However, viral vectors have cytotoxicity. To avoid toxicities and limitations of virus-mediated gene delivery, we developed a novel nonviral hybrid vector: HIV-1 Tat peptide sequence modified with histidine and cysteine residues combined with a cationic lipid.

The potential of stromal cell-derived factor-1 delivery using a collagen membrane for bone regeneration.

Stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) is a cytokine that is important in stem and progenitor cell recruitment in tissue repair after injury. Regenerative procedures using collagen membranes (CMs) are presently well established in periodontal and implant dentistry. The objective of this study is to test the subsequent effects of the released SDF-1 from a CM on bone regeneration compared to platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) in vitro and in vivo.

Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound-induced ATP increases bone formation via the P2X7 receptor in osteoblast-like MC3T3-E1 cells.

Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) is used for bone healing in orthopedics and dentistry. It has been shown that LIPUS induces the secretion of extracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP), a key mediator of osteoblast response to mechanical stimuli. However, the detailed mechanism of LIPUS-induced osteogenesis has been elusive.

Nanometer-scale features on micrometer-scale surface texturing: a bone histological, gene expression, and nanomechanical study.

Micro- and nanoscale surface modifications have been the focus of multiple studies in the pursuit of accelerating bone apposition or osseointegration at the implant surface. Here, we evaluated histological and nanomechanical properties, and gene expression, for a microblasted surface presenting nanometer-scale texture within a micrometer-scale texture (MB) (Ossean Surface, Intra-Lock International, Boca Raton, FL) versus a dual-acid etched surface presenting texture at the micrometer-scale only (AA), in a rodent femur model for 1, 2, 4, and 8weeks in vivo. Following animal sacrifice, samples were evaluated in terms of histomorphometry, biomechanical properties through nanoindentation, and gene expression by real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis.

Efficient in vivo gene delivery using modified Tat peptide with cationic lipids.

A combination of modified HIV-1 Tat (mTat) peptide and cationic lipids, FuGENE HD (FH), dramatically enhanced transfection efficiency across a range of cell lines when compared to mTat or FH alone (Biomaterials 35:1705-1715 2014). The efficiency of this Tat peptide combination was significantly higher than many commercial non-viral vectors. In this present study, we tested the feasibility of this non-viral vector, mTat/FH, in vivo using plasmid DNA encoding a luciferase gene.

Long-term efficient gene delivery using polyethylenimine with modified Tat peptide.

Polyethylenimine (PEI), a cationic polymer, has been widely studied and shown great promise as an efficient gene delivery vehicle. Likewise, the HIV-1 Tat peptide, a cell-permeable peptide, has been successfully used for intracellular gene delivery. To improve the favorable properties of these two vectors, we combine PEI with the modified Tat peptide sequence bearing histidine and cysteine residues (mTat).

Daily low-intensity pulsed ultrasound stimulates production of bone morphogenetic protein in ROS 17/2.8 cells.

Although daily low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) can accelerate osteogenic differentiation of the rat clonal cell line ROS 17/2.8, the molecular mechanism that underlies this phenomenon is unclear. The purpose of this study was to determine which molecules exposed to daily LIPUS treatment stimulate osteogenic differentiation.

Daily low-intensity pulsed ultrasound-mediated osteogenic differentiation in rat osteoblasts.

There were few studies investigating the effects of the mechanical stimulation provided by daily low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) treatment. LIPUS is known to accelerate bone mineralization and regeneration; however, the precise cellular mechanism is unclear.Our purpose was to determine how daily LIPUS treatment affected cell viability, alkaline phosphatase activity, osteogenesis-related gene expression, and mineralized nodule formation in osteoblasts.

The in vitro osteogenetic characteristics of primary osteoblastic cells from a rabbit calvarium.

Previously, we showed that recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) increased bone augmentation beyond the skeletal envelope within a titanium cap in a rabbit calvarium; many cuboidal osteoblastic cells were observed histologically. These results suggested that the new osteoblastic cells might have differentiated and matured via stimulation by rhBMP-2. To date, however, no studies have reported the characteristics of osteoblastic cells derived from adult rabbit calvarium, after addition of rhBMP-2.

Lactoferrin suppress the adipogenic differentiation of MC3T3-G2/PA6 cells.

Lactoferrin accelerates the differentiation of osteogenic and chondrogenic lineage cells, whereas it inhibits the myogenic and adipogenic differentiation of pluripotent mesenchymal cells; however, the effect of lactoferrin on the differentiation of preadipocytes is unknown. In this study, we examined the effect of lactoferrin on adipogenic differentiation using a mouse preadipocyte cell line, MC3T3-G2/PA6. The cells were cultured in differentiation medium with or without lactoferrin to induce cellular differentiation.

Effects of lactoferrin on the differentiation of pluripotent mesenchymal cells.

Lactoferrin accelerates bone formation, but the precise cellular mechanism behind this is still unclear. We examined the effect of lactoferrin on the differentiation of pluripotent mesenchymal cells using a typical pluripotent mesenchymal cell line, C2C12. Cells were cultured in low-mitogen differentiation medium to induce cell differentiation, with or without the addition of lactoferrin.

Short-term effects of rhBMP-2-enhanced bone augmentation beyond the skeletal envelope within a titanium cap in rabbit calvarium.

Background: Recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein (rhBMP)-2 in a bioabsorbable collagen sponge (ACS) carrier supports significant bone formation. However, histomorphometric data on the augmentation of bone formation beyond the skeletal envelope are insufficient. Our objective was to evaluate the short-term effects of rhBMP-2 on bone augmentation beyond the skeletal envelope within a titanium cap in rabbit calvarium.

Enamel matrix derivative stimulates osteogenesis- and chondrogenesis-related transcription factors in C3H10T1/2 cells.

Our purpose was to determine how enamel matrix derivative (EMD) affects the expression of osteogenesis- and chondrogenesis-related transcription factors in undifferentiated mesenchymal cells. C3H10T1/2 cell line, a typical pluripotential mesenchymal cell line, was cultured with or without EMD for up to 7 d. Expression of mRNAs encoding osteogenesis- and chondrogenesis-related transcription factors (Runx2, Osterix, AJ18, Dlx5, Msx2, Sox5, Sox9 and Zfp60) was measured using real-time polymerase chain reaction.

Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound stimulates osteogenic differentiation in ROS 17/2.8 cells.

There have been no studies investigating the effects of the mechanical stimulation provided by Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) treatment on periodontal disease accompanying bone loss. LIPUS is known to accelerate mineralization and bone regeneration, but the precise cellular mechanism is unclear. Here, we investigated the effect of LIPUS on osteogenesis by examining the effect of LIPUS stimulation on cell proliferation, alkaline phosphatase (ALPase) activity, osteogenesis-related gene expression, and mineralized nodule formation in a rat osteosarcoma cell line.