How much do opinions regarding cultivated meat vary within the same country? The cases of São Paulo and Salvador, Brazil.

The problems related to conventional meat production have been widely discussed globally and alternative proteins emerge as more sustainable and ethical options. Thus, understanding the intention to consume cultivated meat is key. This work aimed to study the intention to consume cultivated meat by residents of São Paulo and Salvador, Brazil, studying demographic differences.

Left atrial function in patients with rheumatic mitral stenosis: addressing prognostic insights beyond atrial fibrillation prediction.

Aims: Rheumatic mitral stenosis (MS) frequently leads to impaired left atrial (LA) function because of pressure overload, highlighting the underlying atrial pathology. Two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography (2D-STE) offers early detection of LA dysfunction, potentially improving risk assessment in patients with MS. This study aims to evaluate the predictive value of LA function assessed by 2D-STE for clinical outcomes in patients with MS.

Left atrial reservoir strain is a superior discriminator of cardioembolism in ischaemic stroke.

Aims: Echocardiographic measures of left heart size and function have long been associated with cardioembolic mechanisms of stroke development, however, the diagnostic performance and comparison of measures of atrial function in this context has not been well studied. We sought to evaluate the diagnostic performance of left atrial reservoir strain (LASr) in identification of cardioembolism in the ischaemic stroke population relative to traditional measures of left heart size and function.

Methods And Results: Consecutive patients admitted to our institution with ischaemic stroke or transient ischaemic attack were recruited and underwent comprehensive transthoracic echocardiography.

Association between calf circumference and mortality in people receiving home enteral nutrition: A retrospective cohort study.

Background: Among the anthropometric measurements, calf circumference has been widely used as a simple and practical method to diagnose low muscle mass and sarcopenia. However, the association between this measurement and clinical outcomes in people receiving home enteral nutrition is still unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the association of calf circumference with mortality, discharge from home enteral nutrition, continuity in home enteral nutrition, and new hospitalizations in adult and older adult people.

Animal Welfare Science: Why and for Whom?

There are, in the literature, distinct ways to approach animal welfare. The objective of this work was to study the value attributed to farm animals in the scientific papers published in animal welfare and animal production journals at three different points in time, separated by a decade each. The first ten papers mentioning "animal welfare" or "animal well-being" in their objectives or hypotheses from each journal and each focus year were selected.

Parasitemia and antibody response to benznidazole treatment in a cohort of patients with chronic Chagas disease.

Background: Evaluating the effectiveness of Chagas disease treatment poses challenges due to the lack of biomarkers for disease progression and therapeutic response. In this study, we aimed to assess the clearance of Trypanosoma cruzi ( parasites in a group of benznidazole (BNZ)-treated chronic Chagas disease patients using high-sensitivity quantitative PCR (qPCR) and track antibody levels through a semiquantitative chemiluminescent assay.

Methods: A total of 102 seropositive patients with previous PCR-positive results were enrolled in the study.

Pre-Slaughter Stunning of Farmed Atlantic Halibut in CO-Saturated Seawater: Assessment of Unconsciousness by Electroencephalography (EEG).

As fish welfare becomes a growing concern, it is important to ensure humane treatment during slaughter. This study aimed to assess the onset of unconsciousness in Atlantic halibut immersed in CO-saturated seawater through electroencephalography (EEG). Of the 29 fish studied, 10 exhibited escape attempts, indicating aversion to CO-saturated water despite its oxygenation.

DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF A PSYCHOLOGICAL SCALE FOR BARIATRIC SURGERY: THE BARITEST.

Background: It is recommended that bariatric surgery candidates undergo psychological assessment. However, no specific instrument exists to assess the psychological well-being of bariatric patients, before and after surgery, and for which all constructs are valid for both genders.

Aims: This study aimed to develop and validate a new psychometric instrument to be used before and after bariatric surgery in order to assess psychological outcomes of patients.

Ordinal or visual analogue scales for assessing aspects of broiler chicken welfare?

When the gradation of animal welfare is scored through ordinal scales and equidistant tags are used, empirical data between tags tend to be non-equidistant. Ordinal rate scales (ORS) and visual analogue scales (VAS) were tested for the assessment of contact dermatitis on breast and abdominal areas (CD), footpad dermatitis (FP), hock burns (HB) and bird soiling (BS) in broiler chickens. Calculations regarding the inter-rater reliability, the correlation between VAS and ORS and amongst the welfare indicators measured with both scales, and the equidistance of ORS categories in relation to values measured using VAS, were made.

Dietary patterns and associated factors of children under two years of age born prematurely.

Objective: To identify the dietary patterns and associated factors of children aged between 6 and 23 months, born prematurely and assisted at a University Hospital in Curitiba, state of Paraná, Brazil.

Methods: The parents or guardians of the 135 children were asked about their children's eating habits and the family's socioeconomic and demographic conditions. Information regarding birth and health history were obtained from medical records.

Consumption of food groups and associated factors among children aged 6 to 23 months.

Objective: To assess the consumption of food groups among children aged 6 to 23 months in day care centers and at home and its associated factors.

Methods: This is a population-based cross-sectional study conducted with children from nursery schools in Guaratuba, Paraná. Parents answered a socioeconomic and demographic questionnaire.

From the Point of View of the Chickens: What Difference Does a Window Make?

We aimed to investigate what broiler chickens prefer when given free choice between a barn side with artificial lighting only as opposed to the other barn side with natural light through glass windows and artificial light. Eighty-five 1 day-old male Cobb 500 broiler chickens were divided into 10 pens; half of each pen area was provided with only artificial light (OAL) and the other half with natural and artificial light (NAL), and birds were free to move across sides. Environmental indicators and external conditions such as temperature, relative humidity, air velocity, ammonia and illuminance were monitored inside and outside the barn.

A Cross-Cultural Adaptation of the Collective Efficacy Questionnaire for Sports (CEQS): Validity Evidence for a Brazilian Version.

This three-part study aimed to translate, cross-culturally adapt, and validate the Collective Efficacy Questionnaire for Sports (CEQS) for Brazilian athletes. In Study 1, six translators and six specialists developed a Portuguese version of the CEQS (the CEQS-B), and 10 experts and 10 sports participants provided content validity evidence based on test content. In Study 2, 553 athletes completed the CEQS-B, and we provided evidence of construct and convergent validity for the test's internal structure through factor analysis and of reliability evidence based on the instrument's internal consistency and temporal stability.

Mind the Gap: Animal Protection Law and Opinion of Sheep Farmers and Lay Citizens Regarding Animal Maltreatment in Sheep Farming in Southern Brazil.

We aimed to study the gaps between the law and sheep farmer and citizen opinions regarding animal maltreatment by discussing the risk of sheep maltreatment in regular farming practices in Southern Brazil. We surveyed the perception of 56 farmers and 209 citizens regarding general animal and specific on-farm sheep maltreatment issues. The main themes from these two groups about the key components of animal maltreatment were similar: failing to provide for the basic animal needs (27.

Welfare of broiler chickens reared in two different industrial house types during the winter season in Southern Brazil.

1. The following trial compared broiler chicken welfare in closed-sided (CS) open-sided (OS) industrial house types during the winter season in the South of Brazil.2.

Effects of Lactobacillus acidophilus NCFM and Bifidobacterium lactis Bi-07 Supplementation on Nutritional and Metabolic Parameters in the Early Postoperative Period after Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass: a Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial.

Unlabelled: Studies have suggested that Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) causes changes in the intestinal microbiota composition and function due to anatomical and physiological modifications. The role of probiotic supplementation after bariatric procedures remains to be determined.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Lactobacillus acidophilus NCFM and Bifidobacterium lactis Bi-07 supplementation on nutritional and metabolic parameters after RYGB.

Critical Perspective of Animal Production Specialists on Cell-Based Meat in Brazil: From Bottleneck to Best Scenarios.

Recently, many studies regarding consumer perception of cell-based meat have been published. However, the opinion of the professionals involved in animal production also seems relevant. In particular, veterinarians and animal scientists may be important players in the new cell-based meat production, acting as proponents or barriers to this major improvement for farm animal welfare.

Effects of Probiotics Supplementation on Gastrointestinal Symptoms and SIBO after Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass: a Prospective, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial.

Unlabelled: Bariatric surgery may cause undesirable gastrointestinal symptoms due to anatomical, functional and intestinal microbiota changes.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of probiotic supplementation on gastrointestinal symptoms and small intestine bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) in patients after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB).

Materials And Methods: This is a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

A generalized transition model for grouped longitudinal categorical data.

Transition models are an important framework that can be used to model longitudinal categorical data. They are particularly useful when the primary interest is in prediction. The available methods for this class of models are suitable for the cases in which responses are recorded individually over time.

[Adherence to school food and associated factors among adolescents in public schools in the Southern region of Brazil].

The scope of this study was to analyze adherence to school food and associated factors among adolescents from public state schools in the municipality of Lapa, Paraná, in the Southern region of Brazil. The study uses a cross-sectional and analytical design and includes 492 male and female adolescents aged 10 to 19 years from five urban and five rural schools in the municipality. The students underwent anthropometric assessment and answered a questionnaire about school food and alternative food intakes (purchased or home-cooked).

Molecular method for the semiquantitative identification of gastrointestinal nematodes in domestic ruminants.

Standard diagnostic methods currently in use for the identification of helminth infections in ruminants are based on the morphological analysis of immature and adult stages of parasites. This paper describes a method for the semiquantitative identification of nematodes, mainly Trichostrongyloidea, at species-level resolution. The method is based on amplification and fragment analysis followed by minisequencing of the ITS-2 region (internal transcribed spacer 2) of the ribosomal DNA of parasite eggs or larvae.

Spatial distance and reactivity traits alter the positive perception of brushing by ewes.

Gentle handling seems to elicit positive states in sheep. The study investigated whether spatial distance alters sheep responses to brushing and whether spatial distance is influenced by reactivity. Twenty Romane ewes were assessed in three sessions: in Sessions 1 and 3, one grid separated the test animal from pen mates, with no distance between them, and in Session 2 two grids separated the test animal from pen mates by a distance of about 1.

Dietary patterns and associated socio-economic factors in rural Mozambican adolescents.

Background: Assessing food consumption in adolescents is essential for the determination of an appropriate nutritional status. This study intended to assess dietary patterns and its associated factors in rural Mozambican adolescents.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of 323 adolescents.