Cardiovascular and Metabolic Adverse Events of Endocrine Therapies in Women with Breast Cancer: A Disproportionality Analysis of Reports in the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System.

Introduction: Emerging evidence suggests potential cardiovascular toxicities from oral endocrine therapies (ETs); however, results are conflicting. This study comprehensively examined adverse reactions of ETs and investigated cardiovascular and metabolic safety signals within the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS).

Methods: Reports in the FAERS through December 2023 were analyzed for documented reactions to tamoxifen, letrozole, anastrozole, and exemestane in female breast cancer patients.

Adherence, clinical benefits, and adverse effects of endocrine therapies among women with nonmetastatic breast cancer in developing countries: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Despite significant advances in breast cancer control and survival with endocrine therapies (ETs), treatment utilization and outcomes in developing countries have not been adequately explored. This review evaluated ET adherence, potential benefits, and harms in populations across developing countries.

Methods: A literature search was conducted through August 2023 in five databases: PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Global Health, and WHO Global Index Medicus.

Effectiveness and Feasibility of Telehealth-Based Dietary Interventions Targeting Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Telehealth-based dietary interventions were recommended for cardiovascular disease (CVD) management during the COVID-19 pandemic; however, data regarding their effectiveness and feasibility are limited.

Objective: We aimed to examine (1) the effectiveness of telehealth-based dietary interventions in improving clinical CVD risk factors and (2) the feasibility of these interventions among individuals with CVD.

Methods: To conduct this systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs), 2 investigators searched PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and ClinicalTrials.

Community pharmacists' naloxone counseling: A theory-informed qualitative study.

Background: Opioid-related overdose (ORO) deaths have reached a record high in the United States. Naloxone is an opioid antagonist that can rapidly reverse an opioid overdose. Pharmacists are in an ideal position to provide naloxone and related counseling, given their accessibility and expertise.

COVID-19 vaccination among pregnant people in the United States: a systematic review.

Objective: Pregnant people are at increased risk of COVID-19-related morbidity and mortality, and vaccination presents an important strategy for preventing negative outcomes. However, pregnant people were not included in vaccine trials, and there are limited data on COVID-19 vaccines during pregnancy. The objectives of this systematic review were to identify the safety, immunogenicity, effectiveness, and acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination among pregnant people in the United States.

Prescribing of Pressor Agents in Septic Shock: A Survey of Critical Care Pharmacists.

Pressor agents are recognized as high-alert medications by the Institute for Safe Medication Practices, but little evidence is available to guide their use in septic shock. Characterize the use of pressor agents for septic shock in clinical practice. A cross-sectional electronic survey assessing demographics, institutional practices, and respondent perceptions related to pressor agents was distributed to the American College of Clinical Pharmacy Critical Care Practice and Research Network.

Evidence of superspin-glass behavior in Zn0.5Ni0.5Fe2O4 nanoparticles.

We have used dc-magnetization and ac-susceptibility to investigate the superspin dynamics in 9 nm average size Zn(0.5)Ni(0.5)Fe(2)O(4) magnetic particles at temperatures (T) between 3 and 300 K.

Magnetic moment quantifications of small spherical objects in MRI.

Purpose: The purpose of this work is to develop a method for accurately quantifying effective magnetic moments of spherical-like small objects from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). A standard 3D gradient echo sequence with only one echo time is intended for our approach to measure the effective magnetic moment of a given object of interest.

Methods: Our method sums over complex MR signals around the object and equates those sums to equations derived from the magnetostatic theory.

Obesity affects short-term folate pharmacokinetics in women of childbearing age.

Maternal folate status and body mass index (BMI) are independent risk factors for neural tube defects (NTD). Population-based studies have identified an inverse association between serum folate and BMI, after adjusting for intake. The objective of this intervention study was to compare the relationship between BMI and the short-term pharmacokinetic response to an oral dose of folic acid.

The zero-field glassy ground state and field-induced ferromagnetic transition in (La₀.₄Pr₀.₆)₁.₂Sr₁.₈Mn₂O₇.

We have investigated glassy magnetic freezing in(La₀.₄Pr₀.₆)₁.

Evidence of low-temperature superparamagnetism in Mn3O4 nanoparticle ensembles.

Using ac-susceptibility, dc-magnetization, and transmission electron microscopy, we have investigated the magnetic behavior of Mn(3)O(4) nanoparticle ensembles at temperatures below the paramagnetic-to-ferrimagnetic transition of the title material (T(N) approximately equal 41 K). Our data show no evidence of the complex magnetic ordering exhibited by bulk Mn(3)O(4), or of a magnetic behavior around T(N) that has a dynamic (relaxation) origin. Instead, we find a low-temperature (at approximately 11 K) magnetic anomaly that manifests itself as a peak in the out-of-phase component of the ac-susceptibility.

Assessment of changes in utilization of health-care services after implementation of a prior authorization policy for atypical antipsychotic agents.

Background: In 2004, the Georgia Medicaid program implemented a prior authorization (PA) policy for certain atypical antipsychotic agents, resulting in an average savings of $2.7 million per year.

Objective: To determine whether implementation of a PA policy for atypical antipsychotic drugs increased health-care utilization in the Georgia Medicaid program from July 2003 to April 2006.

Dynamic susceptibility evidence of surface spin freezing in ultrafine NiFe2O4 nanoparticles.

We investigated the dynamic behavior of ultrafine NiFe2O4 nanoparticles (average size D = 3.5 nm) that exhibit anomalous low temperature magnetic properties such as low saturation magnetization and high-field irreversibility in both M(H) and ZFC-FC processes. Besides the expected blocking of the superspin, observed at T1 approximately 45 K, the system undergoes a magnetic transition at T2 approximately 6 K.

High-temperature crystal structures and chemical modifications in RbH(2)PO(4).

We have used laboratory and synchrotron x-ray diffraction to investigate the structural and chemical changes undergone by polycrystalline RbH(2)PO(4) upon heating within the 30-250 °C temperature interval. Our data show no evidence of the previously reported onset of partial polymerization at T = 96 °C (Park et al 2001 J. Phys.

Discrete, dispersible MnAs nanocrystals from solution methods: phase control on the nanoscale and magnetic consequences.

Nanocrystals of thermodynamically stable alpha-MnAs (hexagonal NiAs-type) and metastable beta-MnAs (orthorhombic MnP-type) have been synthesized by the reaction of triphenylarsine oxide (Ph(3)AsO) and dimanganesedecacarbonyl (Mn(2)CO(10)) at temperatures ranging from 250 to 330 degrees C in the presence of the coordinating solvent trioctylphosphine oxide (TOPO). Morphologically, both alpha- and beta-MnAs nanoparticles adopt a core-shell type structure with a crystalline core and low-contrast noncrystalline shell. In contrast to prior studies on MnAs particles, disks, and films, the present bottom-up synthesis yields discrete, dispersible MnAs nanoparticles without a structural support.

Magnetic-field-induced optical anisotropy in ferrofluids: a time-dependent light-scattering investigation.

We report an experimental investigation of time dependent anisotropic light scattering by an aqueous suspension of tetramethyl ammonium hydroxide coated Fe3O4 nanoparticles (approximately 6 nm) under the ON-OFF transient of an external dc magnetic field. The study employs the synchronized recording and measurement of the two magnetic-field-induced light-scattering patterns produced by two identical orthogonal He-Ne laser beams passing through the ferrofluid sample and propagating parallel and perpendicular to the applied field, respectively. From these patterns, we extract the time dependence of the induced optical anisotropy, which provides a measure of the characteristic time scale and kinematic response for field-induced structure formation in the sample.

Quantifying magnetic nanoparticles in non-steady flow by MRI.

Objective: This work compares the measured R*2 of magnetic nanoparticles to their corresponding theoretical values in both gel phantoms and dynamic water flows on the basis of the static dephasing theory.

Materials And Methods: The magnetic moment of a nanoparticle solution was measured by a magnetometer. The R*2 of the nanoparticle solution doped in a gel phantom was measured at both 1.

Effect of St. John's wort on free radical production.

St. John's wort (Hypericum perforatum) is an herbal compound used in the treatment of burns, bruises, swelling, anxiety, and most recently, mild to moderate depression. The present study was designed to evaluate the antioxidant properties of St.

Determination of arginine and methylated arginines in human plasma by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.

Nitric oxide (NO) is synthesized from L-arginine (ARG) catalyzed by the enzyme nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and is important in the regulation of vascular tone, neurotransmission and host defense. N,N-Dimethyl L-arginine (asymmetric dimethylarginine, ADMA) and N-monomethyl L-arginine (MMA) are endogenous inhibitors of NOS. N,N'-Dimethyl L-arginine (symmetric dimethylarginine, SDMA), the inactive enantiomer of ADMA is also known to be present endogenously.

Distribution of endothelin receptors in saphenous veins of African Americans: implications of racial differences.

The relative density of endothelin-receptor subtypes A and B (ET(A) and ET(B), respectively) on endothelial and smooth muscle cells is the major determinant of the contractile response to endothelin-1 (ET-1). To investigate the effects of race on the distribution of ET receptors, the endothelin-receptor subtypes on membrane fractions prepared from saphenous veins obtained from African-American patients undergoing coronary bypass surgery were analyzed. Similar studies were repeated with endothelium-denuded samples to study the role of endothelium- and smooth muscle-derived ET(B) receptors.

St. John's wort: a new alternative for depression?

Objective: The primary purpose of this article is to review the existing literature concerning the therapeutic uses, adverse effects, and possible drug interactions of St. John's wort (Hypericum perforatum) as compared to other antidepressant medications.

Methods: Reference material was obtained through database searches with time restrictions of 1985 to the present.

Palmar digital vessel relaxation in healthy horses and in horses given carbohydrate.

Objective: To compare in vitro smooth muscle relaxation of palmar digital vessels from healthy horses with those from horses in the prodromal stage of experimentally (carbohydrate) induced laminitis.

Animals: 16 adult horses.

Procedure: Segments of palmar digital vessels were obtained from 5 healthy horses and 6 horses given carbohydrate.