Dietary -6/-3 Ratio Influences Brain Fatty Acid Composition in Adult Rats.

There is mounting evidence that diets supplemented with polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) can impact brain biology and functions. This study investigated whether moderately high-fat diets differing in -6/-3 fatty acid ratio could impact fatty acid composition in regions of the brain linked to various psychopathologies. Adult male Sprague Dawley rats consumed isocaloric diets (35% kcal from fat) containing different ratios of linoleic acid (-6) and alpha-linolenic acid (-3) for 2 months.

Safflower (n-6) and flaxseed (n-3) high-fat diets differentially regulate hypothalamic fatty acid profiles, gene expression, and insulin signalling.

Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) have important signalling roles in the hypothalamus, a region of the brain that regulates whole-body energy homeostasis. While evidence suggests that high PUFA intake can impact hypothalamic activity, the underlying molecular mechanisms regulated by essential dietary n-6 and n-3 PUFA (i.e.

Drosophila muller f elements maintain a distinct set of genomic properties over 40 million years of evolution.

The Muller F element (4.2 Mb, ~80 protein-coding genes) is an unusual autosome of Drosophila melanogaster; it is mostly heterochromatic with a low recombination rate. To investigate how these properties impact the evolution of repeats and genes, we manually improved the sequence and annotated the genes on the D.

Modification of the zone of polarizing activity signal by trypsin.

Patterning of the developing vertebrate limb along the anterior-posterior axis is controlled by the zone of polarizing activity (ZPA) via the expression of Sonic hedgehog (Shh) and along the proximal-distal axis by the apical ectodermal ridge (AER) through the production of fibroblast growth factors (FGFs). ZPA grafting, as well as ectopic application of SHH to the anterior chick limb bud, demonstrate that digit patterning is largely influenced by these secreted factors. Although signal transduction pathways have been well characterized for SHH and for FGFs, little is known of how these signals are regulated extracellularly in the limb.

Environmental fate and effects of dicamba: a Canadian perspective.

Literature on the environmental fate and effects of the benzoic acid herbicide dicamba was reviewed to provide a scientific basis to derive Canadian Water Quality Guidelines. Included in the review was information on the uses and production of dicamba, its physical and chemical properties, environmental monitoring data in Canadian surface water and groundwater, soils, sediments, and biota, and its environmental degradation, persistence, and fate. Through monitoring, dicamba has been detected in less than 8% of surface-water samples to a maximum concentration of 13 micrograms.

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). X. Incidence of EBV antibodies in patients with malignant tumors.

Serum samples from 31 patients with various types of malignancies, 18 patients with different viral infections and 6 healthy subjects as controls, were tested by indirect immunofluorescence (IF) method for antibodies against viral capsid antigens (VCA) and the presence of active EBV infection. EBV antibodies anti-VCA were detected in 19 patients with tumors, in 8 patients with viral infections and in 2 healthy subjects. EBV active infection was found out in 9/19, 3/8 and 0/2 EBV anti-VCA positive patients with malignancies, different viral infections and healthy subjects respectively.

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). VII. Established lymphoid cell line (IVPat-88) obtained from synovial fluid of a patient with aseptic arthritis.

Attempts have been made to culture mononuclear cells from synovial fluid of 8 patients with arthropathy, and have led to the development of the lymphoid cell line IVPat-88. Cell line has been propagated by serial passages for more than 14 weeks in continuous culture. The cells grew as single, free-floating individuals, or in dense clumps without adherence to glass or plastic surface.

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). VI. Incidence of EBV antibodies in patients with malignant lymphoproliferative diseases.

Serum samples from 52 patients with malignant lymphoproliferative diseases and 12 clinically healthy subjects were tested by indirect immunofluorescence (IF) reaction for the presence of specific EB antibodies anti-VCA and active EBV infection. The tests revealed EB antibodies anti-VCA in 32 patients with lymphoproliferative diseases and in 2 clinically healthy subjects and active EBV infection in 18/32 and in 0/2 EB anti-VCA positive patients and clinically healthy subjects, respectively.

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). V. Incidence of EBV antibodies in patients with rheumatic diseases.

Serum samples from 95 patients with rheumatoid arthritis, 24 patients with other various rheumatic diseases, 50 patients with diabetes mellitus, 34 patients with acute viral infections, 6 patients with infectious mononucleosis, 77 patients with lymphomas and leukemia and 110 blood donors and 24 healthy subjects as normal controls, respectively, were tested by indirect immunofluorescence (IF) reaction for the presence of specific antibodies against Epstein-Barr virus determined viral capsid antigen (anti-VCA) and Epstein-Barr active viral infection. The IF test carried out in acetone-fixed smears of EB-3 cell line revealed EB antibodies anti-VCA in 83.3% of infectious mononucleosis, 61.

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). IV. Studies on experimental inactivated vaccine against human EBV infection.

It is well established that EBV-immunogen successfully invoke a strong neutralizing anti-EBV response in experimental animals. The authors report here the successful production of an EBV-immunogen prepared with whole disrupted productive cells of 2 MEBV cell line and with whole virus inactivated with ethylenimine (EI) which produce neutralizing anti-EBV response in experimental animals (calves, sheep, rabbits and SPF chickens).

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). III. Incidence of EBV antibodies in patients with various tumors.

Serum samples from 553 patients with various tumors, from 26 patients with different viral infections and from 78 clinically healthy subjects were tested by indirect immunofluorescence (IF) reaction for the presence of specific antibodies to Epstein-Barr virus. The test revealed antibodies to EBV in 127 patients with tumors, in 14 patients with viral infections and in 8 healthy persons.