Retinal vasculitis in ocular toxoplasmosis in nonhuman primates.

Six monkeys had prior systemic immunization followed by intraretinal challenge to each eye with Toxoplasma antigens. All eyes developed iridocyclitis, vitritis, and retinal edema, but no necrotizing retinochoroiditis. One-half of the eyes were then challenged with living organisms and the other one-half with Toxoplasma antigens.

Ocular tissue absorption of minocycline in the rabbit.

After intramuscular (IM) administration of minocycline hydrochloride, concentrations of the drug that would be adequate for the control of sensitive organisms (greater than 0.5 micrograms/g of tissue) were detectable in the cornea, iris, and retinochoroid 3, 6, and 12 hours after a single injection. The concentration of the drug in the aqueous humor was greater than in the vitreous humor.

Chlorambucil in Behçet's disease. A reappraisal.

Ten patients with Behçet's disease were treated with chlorambucil alone. At the therapeutic drug level of 0.2 mg/kg, seven patients developed oligospermia and three patients developed azoospermia.

Quantitation of tear lysozyme levels in dry-eye disorders.

A simple, rapid, reproducible method of quantifying tear lysozyme levels with a dual-channel spectrophotometer was used to compare normal subjects and those with dry-eye syndrome. The method was sensitive (80%) and specific (85%) and had a predictive value of a positive result of 83%. One patient with clinical manifestations of dry-eye syndrome and paradoxically elevated levels of tear lysozyme was found to have underlying sarcoidosis.

Detection of toxoplasmal antigen and antibody in ocular fluids in experimental ocular toxoplasmosis.

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays were used to detect intraocular toxoplasmal antigen and antitoxoplasmal IgG antibodies in a rabbit model of experimental ocular toxoplasmosis. Toxoplasmal antigen could be detected in the vitreous humor of the infected eye at the height of clinical activity of the lesion. Antitoxoplasmal IgG antibodies were detected in the aqueous and vitreous humors of the infected eyes five weeks following the onset of toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis.

Effects of conjunctival resection on the corneal immune response.

In order to evaluate the effect of perilimbal conjunctival resection on the corneal immune response, we immunized rabbits with either intravenous or topical administration of bovine gamma globulin. After unilateral perilimbal conjunctival resection, the corneas were challenged with intracorneal injections of bovine gamma globulin. Perilimbal conjunctival resection prevented the development of peripheral corneal infiltrates in the rabbits immunized intravenously (P less than .

The role of hypersensitivity reactions to toxoplasma antigens in experimental ocular toxoplasmosis in nonhuman primates.

To assess the role of ocular hypersensitivity reactions to Toxoplasma antigens in previously sensitized ocular tissues, we used a nonhuman primate model of ocular toxoplasmosis. Each eye of eight monkeys was inoculated with living Toxoplasma organisms into the inner retinal layers. All eyes developed necrotizing retinochoroiditis.

Ocular ferning test. A qualitative test for mucus deficiency.

A new qualitative test for the study of conjunctival mucus has been developed. Conjunctival scrapings were obtained from 196 patients. Microscopic mucus ferning (arborization) was observed in 148 (91%) patients with various forms of acute conjunctivitis.

Extralimbal Trantas' dots: report of a case.

A nine-year-old boy with vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) developed Trantas' dots over a central corneal plaque. This case shows that Trantas' dots, originally seen only at the limbus, may occur in the center or the cornea.

Minocycline in the chemotherapy of murine toxoplasmosis.

The effects of minocycline alone or in combination with sulphadiazine were evaluated against acute murine toxoplasmosis and compared with the efficacy of pyrimethamine and sulphadiazine. The date presented show that mice could be protected from acute toxoplasmosis by minocycline, in spite of using a virulent strain of Toxoplasma gondii, a large inoculum, and a delay in the administration of the drug. Acute toxoplasmic infection in mice could be eradicated by aminocycline--sulphadiazine combination, which was found to be as effective as pyrimethamine--sulphadiazine combination therapy.

Minocycline in experimental ocular toxoplasmosis in the rabbit.

We studied the effects of minocycline, a semisynthetic tetracycline, on experimentally induced toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis in the rabbit. In two experiments we found that this drug effectively ameliorated the clinical disease and sterilized the ocular tissues from Toxoplasma organisms. Minocycline prevented death from toxoplasmic encephalitis in 75% of the animals, whereas all the control animals died of toxoplasmic encephalitis.

Chronic ulcerative conjunctivitis in a patient with alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency.

A 62-year-old woman had chronic bilateral conjunctival ulceration of the palpebral and bulbar conjunctivae. Conjunctival scrapings for viral, chlamydial, and bacteriologic studies were unrevealing. A conjunctival biopsy specimen was taken and submitted for histopathologic and immunofluorescent studies.

Experimental ocular toxoplasmosis in primates.

The rabbit serves as the only existing experimental model for ocular toxoplasmosis. This model has many deficiencies. Our technique for the production of acute toxoplasmic retinitis in monkeys is described herein.

Transudative knee effusions in Milroy's disease.

Two patients, mother and son, with Milroy's disease (chronic hereditary lymphedema) presented with chronic asymptomatic knee effusions. Synovial fluids proved to be transudative in nature. The pathogenesis of knee effusions in Milroy's disease is discussed.

Thygeson's superficial punctate keratitis.

Thygeson's superficial keratitis is a chronic disease of the cornea characterized by focal epithelial lesions. We studied 45 cases of Thygeson's superficial punctate keratitis. Twenty-eight were male and 17 were female patients.

Acute promonocytic leukemia with ocular involvement.

A 3-month-old male infant had bilateral redness of the eyes. Large, immature blast cells were noted in material obtained by anterior chamber tap, and the diagnosis of acute promonocytic leukemia was confirmed by bone marrow aspiration and autopsy. Detailed clinical, histopathological, histochemical, and electron microscopic studies were carried out.

Lacrimal system complications in trachoma.

A clinical study of the lacrimal complications of trachoma was conducted in the eastern province of Saudi Arabia. Of the 579 Saudi Arabian patients examined, 446 (77%) showed clinical evidence of trachoma, 62 of whom had severe inactive trachoma. In this last group the following lacrimal complications were observed: dry eye syndrome, punctal phimosis, punctal occlusion, canalicular occlusion, nasolacrimal-duct obstruction, dacryocystitis, dacryocystocele, and dacryocutaneous fistula.

Treatment of ocular toxoplasmosis with clindamycin and sulfadiazine.

Seventeen patients with active toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis were treated for four weeks, seven with clindamycin alone and ten with a combination of clindamycin and sulfadiazine. The follow-up period ranged from six months to four years. Results of the Sabin-Feldman dye test were positive in all patients.

Bacillus licheniformis corneal ulcer.

A 46-year-old woman developed a corneal ulcer after an injury to the right eye. Cultures were positive for Bacillus licheniformis. Although resistant to some antibiotics, the corneal ulcer resolved after treatment with topical, subconjunctival, and intramuscular gentamicin sulfate.

Distichiasis of the lids and lymphedema of the lower extremities: a report of ten cases.

Ten members belonging to two different families were affected by distichiasis of the lids (double row of eyelashes) and lymphedema of the lower extremities. Other less frequent congenital anomalies, such as pterygium colli and ptosis were found in some affected members. The previously reported cases were reviewed.

Clindamycin in chronic toxoplasmosis. Effect of periocular injections on recoverability of organisms from healed lesions in the rabbit eye.

Bilateral toxoplasmic retinochoroiditic scars were induced in 21 rabbits. Eleven rabbits were treated with clindamycin phosphate and ten rabbits received parallel injections of normal saline solution. All injections were made into Tenon's space.