Prdm16 is crucial for progression of the multipolar phase during neural differentiation of the developing neocortex.

The precise control of neuronal migration and morphological changes during differentiation is essential for neocortical development. We hypothesized that the transition of progenitors through progressive stages of differentiation involves dynamic changes in levels of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS), depending on cell requirements. We found that progenitors had higher levels of mtROS, but that these levels were significantly decreased with differentiation.

IP-10 Is Elevated in Virus-Induced Acute Exacerbations in Childhood Asthma.

Objective: Viral infections and sensitization to aeroallergens are major factors in the exacerbation of asthma and its development during early childhood. However, the cytokine profiles and eosinophil activation status linked to the association between viral infections and sensitization to aeroallergens are incompletely understood. Here we investigated respiratory viruses, serum eosinophil cationic protein (ECP), and various cytokines/chemokines in acute exacerbation of childhood asthma.

The deepest mitochondrial genome sequenced from Mariana Trench (Amphipoda).

is an amphipod that is a dominant animal resident living in the Challenger Deep (∼11,000m depth) of the Mariana Trench, which is the world deepest point in the ocean. Here we report a nearly complete mitochondrial genome of , the world deepest mitogenome. The genome consists of two contigs with lengths of 8,603 bp and 6,984 bp, respectively, and it includes 13 complete protein-coding genes, 2 rRNA genes, and 21 tRNA genes.

Effects of Different Intensities of Endurance Exercise in Morning and Evening on the Lipid Metabolism Response.

To study the effects of different exercise intensity performed at different exercise times on lipid metabolism response during prolonged exercise. Nine young men performed endurance exercise at different exercise intensities (60%VOmax or Fatmax) in the morning (9 am to 10 am) or evening (5 pm to 6 pm); blood samples were collected before exercise and immediately and one and two hours after exercise completion. Expired gas was analyzed from the start of exercise until two hours after exercise completion.

Role of a heterotrimeric G-protein, Gi2, in the corticogenesis: possible involvement in periventricular nodular heterotopia and intellectual disability.

We analyzed the role of a heterotrimeric G-protein, Gi2, in the development of the cerebral cortex. Acute knockdown of the α-subunit (Gαi2) with in utero electroporation caused delayed radial migration of excitatory neurons during corticogenesis, perhaps because of impaired morphology. The migration phenotype was rescued by an RNAi-resistant version of Gαi2.

Unique hyper-thermal composting process in Kagoshima City forms distinct bacterial community structures.

A unique compost, Satsuma soil, is produced from three types of wastewater sludge using hyper-thermal processes at temperatures much higher than that of general thermophilic processes in Kagoshima City, Japan. We analyzed the bacterial community structures of this hyper-thermal compost sample and other sludges and composts by a high-throughput barcoded pyrosequencing method targeting the 16S rRNA gene. In total, 621,076 reads were derived from 17 samples and filtered.

The safety and effectiveness profile of eldecalcitol in a prospective, post-marketing observational study in Japanese patients with osteoporosis: interim report.

This large-scale post-marketing surveillance study was conducted to assess the safety and effectiveness of eldecalcitol treatment in patients with osteoporosis in a Japanese clinical setting. A total of 3567 patients with osteoporosis were enrolled and received eldecalcitol 0.75 μg/day for 12 months.

[Cancer Immunotherapy Using Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Dendritic Cells(iPSDCs)Expressing Carcinoembryonic Antigen].

The difficulty in obtaining a sufficient number of functional dendritic cells(DCs)is a well-known serious problem in DCbased immunotherapy. Therefore, we used induced pluripotent stem cell-derived DCs(iPSDCs). We have reported that mouse iPSDCs are equivalent to BMDCs, in terms of maturation and antigen presentation.

Role of Class III phosphoinositide 3-kinase in the brain development: possible involvement in specific learning disorders.

Class III phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PIK3C3 or mammalian vacuolar protein sorting 34 homolog, Vps34) regulates vesicular trafficking, autophagy, and nutrient sensing. Recently, we reported that PIK3C3 is expressed in mouse cerebral cortex throughout the developmental process, especially at early embryonic stage. We thus examined the role of PIK3C3 in the development of the mouse cerebral cortex.

Mogrol Derived from Siraitia grosvenorii Mogrosides Suppresses 3T3-L1 Adipocyte Differentiation by Reducing cAMP-Response Element-Binding Protein Phosphorylation and Increasing AMP-Activated Protein Kinase Phosphorylation.

This study investigated the effects of mogrol, an aglycone of mogrosides from Siraitia grosvenorii, on adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. Mogrol, but not mogrosides, suppressed triglyceride accumulation by affecting early (days 0-2) and late (days 4-8), but not middle (days 2-4), differentiation stages. At the late stage, mogrol increased AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) phosphorylation and reduced glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase activity.

Cerebral Air Embolism with Pneumomediastinum Resulting from Emesis: A Case Report.

Cerebral air embolism (CAE) is a rare cause of stroke. Most cerebral air emboli are caused by iatrogenic factors, such as invasive cardiac and pulmonary procedures. Here, we report an unusual case of CAE not related to any medical intervention.

Essential role of the nuclear isoform of RBFOX1, a candidate gene for autism spectrum disorders, in the brain development.

Gene abnormalities in RBFOX1, encoding an mRNA-splicing factor, have been shown to cause autism spectrum disorder and other neurodevelopmental disorders. Since pathophysiological significance of the dominant nuclear isoform in neurons, RBFOX1-isoform1 (iso1), remains to be elucidated, we performed comprehensive analyses of Rbfox1-iso1 during mouse corticogenesis. Knockdown of Rbfox1-iso1 by in utero electroporation caused abnormal neuronal positioning during corticogenesis, which was attributed to impaired migration.

Visualizing septin and cell dynamics in mammalian brain slices.

Correct neuronal migration is crucial for the brain architecture and function. During brain development, excitatory and inhibitory neurons generated in the ventricular zone (VZ) of the dorsal telencephalon and ganglionic medial eminence, respectively, move to their final destinations in tightly regulated spatiotemporal manners. While a variety of morphological methods have been applied to neurobiology, in utero electroporation (IUE) technique is one of the most powerful tools for rapid gain- and loss-of-function studies of brain development.

Microbubbles with a Self-Assembled Poloxamer Shell and a Fluorocarbon Inner Gas.

The numerous applications of microbubbles in food science and medicine call for a better understanding and control of the effects of the properties of their shells on their stability and ability to resonate at chosen frequencies when submitted to an ultrasound field. We have investigated both millimetric and micrometric bubbles stabilized by an amphiphilic block copolymer, Poloxamer 188 (e.g.

Objective measurement of frequency and pattern of nocturnal cough in children with asthma exacerbation.

Background: Although a number of patients with asthma report experiencing persistent cough during sleep, it has not yet been objectively investigated.

Objective: To classify cough severity and evaluate a characteristic pattern of cough frequency in children with asthma using an objective cough monitoring system.

Methods: An objective cough monitoring system that specialized in children was used to measure cough frequency and nocturnal cough patterns.

Highly sensitive SERS analysis of the cyclic Arg-Gly-Asp peptide ligands of cells using nanogap antennas.

The cyclic RGD (cRGD) peptide ligands of cells have become widely used for treating several cancers. We report a highly sensitive analysis of c(RGDfC) using surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) using single dimer nanogap antennas in aqueous environment. Good agreement between characteristic peaks of the SERS and the Raman spectra of bulk c(RGDfC) with its peptide's constituents were observed.

Plasmonic-Field Interactions at Nanoparticle Interfaces for Infrared Thermal-Shielding Applications Based on Transparent Oxide Semiconductors.

This paper describes infrared plasmonic responses in three-dimensional (3D) assembled films of In2O3:Sn nanoparticles (NPs). The introduction of surface modifications to NPs can facilitate the production of electric-field interactions between NPs due to the creation of narrow crevices in the NP interfaces. In particular, the electric-field interactions along the in-plane and out-of-plane directions in the 3D assembled NP films allow for resonant splitting of plasmon excitations to the quadrupole and dipole modes, thereby realizing selective high reflections in the near- and mid-infrared range, respectively.

Reliability and Validity of a Chinese-Translated Version of a Pregnancy Physical Activity Questionnaire.

Objectives The objectives of the present study were to translate the English version of the Pregnancy Physical Activity Questionnaire into Chinese (PPAQ-C) and to determine its reliability and validity for use by pregnant Chinese women. Methods The study included 224 pregnant women during their first, second, or third trimesters of pregnancy who completed the PPAQ-C on their first visit and wore a uniaxial accelerometer (Lifecorder; Suzuken Co. Ltd) for 7 days.

A case of pregnancy-associated acute myocardial infarction with refractory ventricular fibrillation and heart failure.

Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is rare among women of childbearing age. Spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD), a rare cause of AMI, is the leading cause of pregnancy-associated acute myocardial infarction (PAMI), and is associated with critical complications, including pump failure, ventricular arrhythmias, and sudden death. Optimal treatment strategies for SCAD and PAMI remain unclear.

Evaluation and simplification of the occupational slip, trip and fall risk-assessment test.

Objective: The purpose of this investigation is to evaluate the efficacy of the occupational slip, trip and fall (STF) risk assessment test developed by the Japan Industrial Safety and Health Association (JISHA). We further intended to simplify the test to improve efficiency.

Methods: A previous cohort study was performed using 540 employees aged ≥50 years who took the JISHA's STF risk assessment test.

Stereochemistry of N-Benzoyl-5-substituted-1-benzazepines Revisited: Synthesis of the Conformationally Biased Derivatives and Revision of the Reported Structure.

The syn (aR*,5R*) and anti (aS*,5R*) diastereomers of N-benzoyl-C5-substituted-1-benzazepines originating in the chiralities at C5 and the Ar-N(C═O) axis were first stereoselectively synthesized by biasing the conformation with a substituent at C6 and C9, respectively. Detailed examination of the stereochemistry (i.e.

Successful Endovascular Removal of a Perforated Inferior Vena Cava Filter Complicated by a Large Retroperitoneal Hematoma: Pitfall of Catheter-Directed Thrombolysis.

Symptomatic caval perforation is rare complication after inferior vena cava (IVC) filter insertion. A 44-year-old woman developed back pain after the placement of retrieval IVC filter during catheter-directed thrombolysis (CDT). Her computed tomography showed a large right-sided retroperitoneal hematoma.

Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy with Divided-dose Docetaxel, Cisplatin and Fluorouracil for Patients with Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Esophagus.

Background: The aim of this phase II study was to evaluate the feasibility of a neoadjuvant chemotherapy regimen consisting of divided-dose docetaxel and cisplatin, with 5-fluorouracil (NAC-DCF), for treatment of patients with stage II/III squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus (SCCE).

Patients And Methods: The NAC-DCF regimen, consisting of 2-h infusion of docetaxel at 35 mg/m(2) on days 1 and 8, 4-h infusion of cisplatin at 12 mg/m(2) on days 1-5, and continuous infusion of 5-fluorouracil at 600 mg/m(2) on days 1-5, was administered. We compared NAC-DCF with conventional NAC-CF.

Diurnal variation in the diving bradycardia response in young men.

Purpose: The present study aimed to examine diurnal variation of the diving bradycardia responses on the same day.

Methods: Eighteen young men (age 26 ± 2 years; height 174.2 ± 6.