The Association between Pregnancy Complications and Long-Term Maternal Cardiometabolic Health in the MIREC Cohort Study.

Context: During pregnancy, women who experience certain pregnancy complications show elevations in biomarkers of inflammation and insulin resistance; however, few studies have examined these cardiometabolic biomarkers in the decade following pregnancy.

Objective: To examine the association between pregnancy complications and cardiometabolic biomarkers 9 years postpartum including: blood pressure, blood lipids, body fat percentage, insulin resistance (glucose, insulin, proinsulin, C-peptide, HOMA-IR, HbA1c, leptin, adiponectin) and inflammation (hs-C-reactive protein).

Methods: Using data from the Maternal-Infant Research on Environmental Chemicals (MIREC) cohort study (2008-2021) we determined 3 groups of pregnancy complications: 1) hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) (n=35); any pregnancy complication in the index pregnancy, defined as preterm birth, HDP, impaired glucose tolerance or gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) (n=55); or self-reported recurrence of one of these pregnancy complications (n=19).

Zoledronic Acid vs Placebo in Pediatric Glucocorticoid-induced Osteoporosis: A Randomized, Double-blind, Phase 3 Trial.

Context: Glucocorticoids (GCs) prescribed for chronic pediatric illnesses are associated with osteoporotic fractures.

Objective: This study aims to determine the efficacy and safety of intravenous (IV) zoledronic acid (ZA) compared with placebo to treat pediatric GC-induced osteoporosis (GIO).

Methods: Children aged 5 to 17 years with GIO were enrolled in this multinational, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 3 trial (ClinicalTrials.

Early prenatal use of a multivitamin diminishes the risk for inadequate vitamin D status in pregnant women: results from the Maternal-Infant Research on Environmental Chemicals (MIREC) cohort study.

Background: Reports on the adequacy of vitamin D status of pregnant women are not available in Canada.

Objectives: The objectives of this study were to examine vitamin D status across pregnancy and identify the correlates of vitamin D status of pregnant women in Canada.

Methods: Pregnant women (≥18 years) from 6 provinces (2008-2011) participating in a longitudinal cohort were studied.

Effect of high dose vitamin D3 therapy on serum vitamin D3 levels in vitamin D insufficient adults with cystic fibrosis.

Background: The effect of a high dose oral cholecalciferol repletion strategy in Vitamin D insufficient adults with CF is still unknown. Therefore, we assessed the effectiveness of our current approach, giving oral vitamin D3 supplementation at a dose of 10,000 IU from Monday to Friday for a total of 50,000 IU D3 weekly in vitamin D insufficient adult with CF.

Methods: We performed a retrospective chart review of all 59 adult CF patients between the ages of 17 and 64 years routinely followed at the CF Adult Program of Winnipeg Health Sciences Centre.

Effect of Hydrolyzed Infant Formula vs Conventional Formula on Risk of Type 1 Diabetes: The TRIGR Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Early exposure to complex dietary proteins may increase the risk of type 1 diabetes in children with genetic disease susceptibility. There are no intact proteins in extensively hydrolyzed formulas.

Objective: To test the hypothesis that weaning to an extensively hydrolyzed formula decreases the cumulative incidence of type 1 diabetes in young children.

Air Pollution Exposure During Pregnancy and Fetal Markers of Metabolic function: The MIREC Study.

Previous evidence suggests that exposure to outdoor air pollution during pregnancy could alter fetal metabolic function, which could increase the risk of obesity in childhood. However, to our knowledge, no epidemiologic study has investigated the association between prenatal exposure to air pollution and indicators of fetal metabolic function. We investigated the association between maternal exposure to nitrogen dioxide and fine particulate matter (aerodynamic diameter ≤2.

Exposure to organophosphorus and organochlorine pesticides, perfluoroalkyl substances, and polychlorinated biphenyls in pregnancy and the association with impaired glucose tolerance and gestational diabetes mellitus: The MIREC Study.

Background: Studies report increases in rates of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) over recent decades. Environmental chemicals may increase the risk of diabetes through impacts on glucose metabolism, mitochondrial dysfunction, and endocrine-disrupting mechanisms including effects on pancreatic β-cell function and adiponectin release.

Objectives: To determine the associations between pesticides, perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) measured in early pregnancy and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and GDM in a Canadian birth cohort.

Maternal and Neonatal Levels of Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Relation to Gestational Weight Gain.

Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are ubiquitous, persistent pollutants widely used in the production of common household and consumer goods. There is a limited body of literature suggesting that these chemicals may alter metabolic pathways and growth trajectories. The relationship between prenatal exposures to these chemicals and gestational weight gain (GWG) has received limited attention.

Exposure to phthalates, bisphenol A and metals in pregnancy and the association with impaired glucose tolerance and gestational diabetes mellitus: The MIREC study.

Background: Studies from several countries report increases in rates of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) over recent decades. Exposure to environmental chemicals could contribute to this trend.

Objectives: To determine the associations between plasticisers and metals measured in early pregnancy with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and GDM in a Canadian pregnancy cohort.

Maternal blood metal levels and fetal markers of metabolic function.

Exposure to metals commonly found in the environment has been hypothesized to be associated with measures of fetal growth but the epidemiological literature is limited. The Maternal-Infant Research on Environmental Chemicals (MIREC) study recruited 2001 women during the first trimester of pregnancy from 10 Canadian sites. Our objective was to assess the association between prenatal exposure to metals (lead, arsenic, cadmium, and mercury) and fetal metabolic function.

A birth cohort study to investigate the association between prenatal phthalate and bisphenol A exposures and fetal markers of metabolic dysfunction.

Background: Obesity and type-2 diabetes are on the rise and in utero exposure to environmental contaminants is a suspected contributing factor. Our objective was to examine associations between prenatal exposure to potential endocrine disrupting chemicals and markers of fetal metabolic dysfunction.

Methods: The Maternal-Infant Research on Environmental Chemicals Study (MIREC) recruited 2001 women during the first trimester of pregnancy from 10 Canadian sites.

Skeletal findings in the first 12 months following initiation of glucocorticoid therapy for pediatric nephrotic syndrome.

Unlabelled: Incident vertebral fractures and lumbar spine bone mineral density (BMD) were assessed in the 12 months following glucocorticoid initiation in 65 children with nephrotic syndrome. The incidence of vertebral fractures was low at 12 months (6 %) and most patients demonstrated recovery in BMD Z-scores by this time point.

Introduction: Vertebral fracture (VF) incidence following glucocorticoid (GC) initiation has not been previously reported in pediatric nephrotic syndrome.

Use of vitamin D supplements during infancy in an international feeding trial.

Objective: To examine the use of vitamin D supplements during infancy among the participants in an international infant feeding trial.

Design: Longitudinal study.

Setting: Information about vitamin D supplementation was collected through a validated FFQ at the age of 2 weeks and monthly between the ages of 1 month and 6 months.

Cohort profile: the maternal-infant research on environmental chemicals research platform.

Background: The Maternal-Infant Research on Environmental Chemicals (MIREC) Study was established to obtain Canadian biomonitoring data for pregnant women and their infants, and to examine potential adverse health effects of prenatal exposure to priority environmental chemicals on pregnancy and infant health.

Methods: Women were recruited during the first trimester from 10 sites across Canada and were followed through delivery. Questionnaires were administered during pregnancy and post-delivery to collect information on demographics, occupation, life style, medical history, environmental exposures and diet.

Glucocorticoid-related changes in body mass index among children and adolescents with rheumatic diseases.

Objective: To examine the temporal and dose-related effects of glucocorticoids (GCs) on body mass index (BMI) in children with rheumatic diseases.

Methods: Children initiating GCs for a rheumatic disease (n = 130) were assessed every 3 months for 18 months. BMI, weight, and height Z score trajectories were described according to GC starting dosage in prednisone equivalents: high (≥1.

The development of bone mineral lateralization in the arms.

Unlabelled: Bone mineral content (BMC) is known to be greater in the dominant arm after the age of 8 years. We studied a group of children and found that BMC sidedness gradually increased up to the age of 6 years and then remained stable into late adolescence.

Introduction: Bone mineral content (BMC) exhibits sidedness in the arms after the age of 8 years, but it is not known whether BMC is greater in the dominant arm from birth or whether lateralization develops in early childhood.

High incidence of vertebral fractures in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia 12 months after the initiation of therapy.

Purpose: Vertebral fractures due to osteoporosis are a potential complication of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). To date, the incidence of vertebral fractures during ALL treatment has not been reported.

Patient And Methods: We prospectively evaluated 155 children with ALL during the first 12 months of leukemia therapy.

Incident vertebral fractures among children with rheumatic disorders 12 months after glucocorticoid initiation: a national observational study.

Objective: To determine the frequency of incident vertebral fractures (IVF) 12 months after glucocorticoid (GC) initiation in children with rheumatic diseases and to identify children at higher risk.

Methods: Children with rheumatic diseases initiating GC were enrolled in a prospective observational study. Annual spine radiographs were evaluated using the Genant semiquantitative method.

Blastomycosis of the central nervous system in a child: a rare cause of hypopituitarism.

Blastomyces dermatitidis is a dimorphic fungus that can cause granulomatous lesions. Typically, children present with respiratory symptoms. Central nervous system involvement is unusual, and almost always associated with involvement of other organs.

Health-related quality of life of young adults with Turner syndrome following a long-term randomized controlled trial of recombinant human growth hormone.

Background: There are limited long-term randomized controlled trials of growth hormone (GH) supplementation to adult height and few published reports of the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) following treatment. The present follow-up study of young adults from a long-term controlled trial of GH treatment in patients with Turner syndrome (TS) yielded data to examine whether GH supplementation resulted in a higher HRQOL (either due to taller stature or from the knowledge that active treatment and not placebo had been received) or alternatively a lower HRQOL (due to medicalization from years of injections).

Methods: The original trial randomized 154 Canadian girls with TS aged 7-13 years from 13 centres to receive either long-term GH injections at the pharmacologic dose of 0.

Obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus in a birth cohort of First Nation children born to mothers with pediatric-onset type 2 diabetes.

Background: Children who are born to mothers with pediatric-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus are exposed to a hyperglycemic intra-uterine environment throughout pregnancy. The growth patterns and risk of type 2 diabetes in these offspring may be influenced by unique gene-environment interactions during intra-uterine and postnatal life.

Subjects: We established a cohort of offspring of First Nation mothers with onset of type 2 diabetes before age 18 years in Manitoba, Canada.

WITHDRAWN: Metoclopramide, thickened feedings, and positioning for gastro-oesophageal reflux in children under two years.

Background: Gastro-esophageal reflux (GER) is the refluxing of gastric contents into the esophagus. Fifty per cent of all infants 0 to 3 months regurgitate at least once a day. This drops to 5% once infants are 10 to 12 months old.

Prevalent vertebral fractures among children initiating glucocorticoid therapy for the treatment of rheumatic disorders.

Objective: Vertebral fractures are an under-recognized problem in children with inflammatory disorders. We studied spine health among 134 children (87 girls) with rheumatic conditions (median age 10 years) within 30 days of initiating glucocorticoid therapy.

Methods: Children were categorized as follows: juvenile dermatomyositis (n = 30), juvenile idiopathic arthritis (n = 28), systemic lupus erythematosus and related conditions (n = 26), systemic arthritis (n = 22), systemic vasculitis (n = 16), and other conditions (n = 12).

Hydroxyethyl starch (HES) versus other fluid therapies: effects on kidney function.

Background: Hydroxyethyl starches (HES) are synthetic colloids commonly used for fluid resuscitation, yet controversy exists about their impact on kidney function.

Objectives: To examine the effects of HES on kidney function compared to other fluid resuscitation therapies in different patient populations.

Search Strategy: We searched the Cochrane Renal Group's specialised register, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL, in The Cochrane Library), MEDLINE, EMBASE, MetaRegister and reference lists of articles.