Large-Scale Proteomics Identifies Novel Biomarkers and Circulating Risk Factors for Aortic Stenosis.

Background: Limited data exist regarding risk factors for aortic stenosis (AS). The plasma proteome is a promising phenotype for discovery of novel biomarkers and potentially causative mechanisms.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to discover novel biomarkers with potentially causal associations with AS.

The results of genetic analysis and clinical outcomes after stent deployment in adult patients with isolated peripheral pulmonary artery stenosis.

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Combined viral quasispecies diversity and hepatitis B core-related antigen predict off-nucleos(t)ide analog durability in HBeAg-negative patients.

Background: Viral quasispecies dynamics between pre- and post-nucleos(t)ide analog (NA) therapy remains unclear.

Aim: This study aimed to investigate the HBV quasispecies evolution and its relationship with durability of off-therapy responses in HBeAg-negative chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients who stopped NA therapy.

Methods: Fifty-four HBeAg-negative CHB patients who stopped NAs, including 19 virological controllers (VC) who maintained serum HBV DNA < 2000 IU/mL beyond 1-year off-therapy, and 35 virological relapsers (VR) experiencing virological relapse within 1-year off-therapy were recruited.

Whole genome deep sequencing analysis of viral quasispecies diversity and evolution in HBeAg seroconverters.

Background & Aims: We aimed to investigate how viral quasispecies of the HBV whole genome evolves and diversifies in response to HBeAg seroconversion and viral control utilising next-generation sequencing (NGS).

Methods: Fifty HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis B patients, including 18 treatment-naïve and 32 interferon (IFN)-treated individuals, were recruited. Serial HBV whole genomes in serum were analysed by NGS to determine sequence characteristics and viral quasispecies.

The CRISPR/Cas9 System Facilitates Clearance of the Intrahepatic HBV Templates In Vivo.

Persistence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) under current antiviral therapy is a major barrier to eradication of chronic hepatitis B (CHB). Curing CHB will require novel strategies for specific disruption of cccDNA. The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/Cas9 system is a newly developed tool for site-specific cleavage of DNA targets directed by a synthetic guide RNA (gRNA) base-paired to the target DNA sequence.

Clinical practice guidelines in severe traumatic brain injury in Taiwan.

Background: Severe TBIs are major causes of disability and death in accidents. The Brain Trauma Foundation supported the first edition of the Guidelines for the Management of Severe Traumatic Brain Injury in 1995 and revised it in 2000. The recommendations in these guidelines are well accepted in the world.