[Physiopathology of articular chondrocalcinosis].

The physiopathological mechanisms leading to precipitation of pyrophosphate in the articular cartilage remain unclear. Numerous findings suggest an error in pyrophosphate metabolism: excessive production or defective degradation, a primary modification of the fundamental substance leading to crystallization, a chondrocyte dysfunction being a possible cause of these two anomalies. The relationships between deposition of calcium pyrophosphate and changes in the subchondral osseous plaque common to several metabolic diseases are even more mysterious.

Detection of hepatoma in liver cirrhosis.

The analogic liver scintigram using 99mTc sulfur colloid in cirrhotic patients does not permit determination of the nature of the areas of decreased uptake. Scintigrams with 67Ga citrate generally show increased activity in cases of hepatoma. In some cases, however, 67Ga citrate is less concentrated in neoplasic tissue, and it is not possible to detect a tumoral lesion in a cirrhotic liver.

Comparison of cell proliferation kinetics in human and experimental tumors: response to irradiation.

Available data on the parameters of cell kinetics in human solid tumors were reviewed. The mean duration of the cell cycle is 2 days; for G1 it is 1 day, for S it is 18 hours, and for G2 it is 6 hours. G1 has the greatest variability from tumor to tumor.

Abscopal effect of irradiation on haemopoietic stem cells of shielded bone marrow--role of migration.

Immediately after partial-body irradiation, the number of colony-forming units (CFU) of the protected marrow decreases. This decrease seems to be dose-dependent and cannot be completely explained by migration for the following reasons: there is no evidence of CFU entry to irradiated territories and the number of circulating CFU does not increase. A more plausible explanation for the phenomena is an accelerated differentiation during the first 15 min after irradiation.

Study of an inhibiting factor of epidermal proliferation in plucked skin and various tumours of mice.

The aim of our research was to investigate, by autoradiographic methods, the presence of an inhibitory factor (IF) in normal skin, in plucked skin and in five experimental skin tumors of the mouse, capable of inhibiting epidermal proliferation. The experimental model used was that of Bullough & Laurence (1960), i.e.

[A technique for determining the proportion of the clonogenic cells in S phase in ENT6 cell cultures and tumors].

The survival of cultured EMT6 cells was examined after treatment with hydroxyurea (HU) or high specific activity tritiated thymidine (3H-TdR). The concentrations of the agents, duration of exposure to the agents, and post-exposure treatment of the cultures were found to influence the cell survival; the effects of these factors are reported. Conditions were defined under which the proportions of cells killed by HU and by 3H-TdR were the same and were also the same as the proportion of labeled cells seen on autoradiographs of cultures labeled with small doses of 3H-TdR.

[Post-radiation nephritis. Study of the renal consequences of splenic irradiation for lymphoma].

The authors studied the left kidney consequences of splenic irradiation in 40 patients with lymphomas. The renal work-up performed before irradiation and every six months afterwards includes : blood pressure, biological tests, IVP and 197 Hg Neohydrine renal scan. Computer scan data processing showed a partial disfunction of left kidney in 16 patients with 18 month-follow up.

External radiotherapy and radioiodine in the treatment of 359 thyroid cancers.

Between 1943 and 1965, 359 patients with carcinoma of the thyroid were treated by external radiotherapy or radioiodine out of a total number of 560 patients treated during the same period. In 65 of these patients surgery had been satisfactory from a macroscopic point of view. Prophylactic post-operative irradiation was given to 55 and the survival rate was 91 per cent at five years and 85 per cent at ten years.

[Non-hormonal drug treatment in Paget's disease].

The activity of a therapeutic drug against Paget's disease is judged by a reduction in the level of hydroxyprolinuria and of alkaline phosphatasaemia, these being the metabolic signs of the bone changes, and by a decrease in bone pain which may accompany the bone changes in Paget's disease. The effect of aspirin is only moderate and is produced only with large doses that are often not well tolerated. The cortisone drugs are also active only at high doses that should be avoided.

[Growth rate and natural history of breast cancer].

Available data on growth rate of human breast cancers and their kinetic of cell proliferation were reviewed. Breast cancers are among those human cancers with the longest doubling time and the lowest labelling index, however the spread of the individual values is especially large. Analysis of the data indicate that half of the metastases began to grow more than about two years before the time when the primary tumor reached a clinically detectable size.

[Fate of polycythemia vera treated by radioactive phosphorus. Apropos of a series of 303 patients followed for 12 to 24 years].

Three hundred and three cases of polycythaemia vera were treated between 1949 and 1961 using radioactive phosphorus, the minimum follow-up for the patients in the group being 12 years and the maximum 24 years. Two hundred and thirty three patients died, the median duration of survival after the first treatment with phosphorus being 10 years (i.e.

Kinetics of tumor growth and of cell proliferation in U.R.D.T. cancers: therapeutic implications.

After a brief survey of the factors of clinical tumor radioresistance the available data on the growth rate and on the kinetics of cell proliferation of U.R.D.

Non-Hodgkin's malignant lymphomata of upper digestive and respiratory tract: natural history and results of radiotherapy.

A total of 218 non-Hodgkin's malignant lymphomata of the upper digestive and respiratory tract are reported. 72% had Waldeyer's ring involvement and 22% had paranasal sinus involvement. Ilio-lumbar lymphography was performed in 98 cases: 33 lymphograms were abnormal.