Schiotz tonometry for glaucoma: are there simple alternatives?

In the period from October 1991 until August 1992, 864 eye-patients in a rural area in south-east Nigeria were examined in order to find simple parameters for the screening of glaucoma simplex. Schiotz tonometry was used as the gold standard. Investigation of the pupil-reaction with a torch, estimation of the pressure of the (closed) eye by digital palpation, and estimations of the cup/disc ratio by ophthalmoscopy can be used as an alternative.

Photoreceptor function in unilateral amblyopia.

We investigated whether photoreceptor function in amblyopic eyes differed from that in non-amblyopic eyes. Photoreceptor function was assessed with the optical Stiles-Crawford effect (SCE), psychophysical SCE, and foveal visual pigment density in both eyes of ten unilateral amblyopic subjects. Optical SCE and density measurements were carried out with a custom-built scanning laser ophthalmoscope (SLO).

On the Stiles-Crawford effect with age.

Purpose: To determine whether the Stiles-Crawford effect remains stable after subjects have aged 30 years.

Methods: The relative luminous efficiency as a function of pupil position (Stiles-Crawford effect) was determined for the same seven subjects on the same apparatus in the 1960s and in 1995. The pupil opening was traversed nine times, at 20 degrees azimuth intervals.

Local photoreceptor alignment measured with a scanning laser ophthalmoscope.

The aim of this study was to develop a fast test for local photoreceptor alignment. Photoreceptor alignment is an important indicator of retinal integrity. Digitized images of fundus reflectance were obtained for 20-30 pupil entry positions with a custom built scanning laser ophthalmoscope (SLO).

Origin of tapetal-like reflexes in carriers of X-linked retinitis pigmentosa.

Purpose: To determine the origin of the tapetal-like reflex (TLR) in carriers of X-linked retinitis pigmentosa.

Methods: Spectral fundus reflectance of carriers of X-linked retinitis pigmentosa was measured and compared with that of normal subjects. The influence of visual pigment was determined by measuring the density difference, that is, the difference between the logarithmically scaled spectra of a bleached and a dark-adapted retina.

The pathways of light measured in fundus reflectometry.

We measured the spectral reflectance of the fovea of ten normal subjects in four conditions, i.e. under dark-adapted and bleached conditions and at two retinal angles of incidence.

Foveal cone mosaic and visual pigment density in dichromats.

1. Optical reflectance spectra of the fovea were measured in ten subjects with normal colour vision, ten protanopes and seven deuteranopes. Four conditions were used: perpendicular and oblique angle of incident and reflected light on the retina, both in a dark-adapted and a fully bleached state.

A retrospective analysis of heparin-surface-modified intraocular lenses versus regular polymethylmethacrylate intraocular lenses in patients with uveitis.

Background: Several studies described the benefits of the heparin-surface-modified intraocular tens (HSM IOL) with regard to the reduced inflammation in routine extracapsular cataract extractions. However, limited information is available about the advantages of the HSM IOL in patients with an intraocular inflammation.

Aim: To assess the eventual benefits of the HSM IOL compared to the regular polymethylmethacrylate intraocular lens (PMMA IOL) in patients with uveitis.