Six early CPAP-usage behavioural patterns determine peak CPAP adherence and permit tailored intervention, in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea.

Background: High rates of non-adherence to continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) in obstructive sleep apnoea hamper good clinical outcomes. Current recommendations assumes two behaviours (adherence and non-adherence) and days 7-90 follow-up post-CPAP initiation mitigates against non-adherence.

Objectives: To investigate associations between early CPAP-usage behaviours and (1) CPAP adherence at month 3 of treatment and (2) sleep centres' treatment pathways (the procedures patients undergo that may affect barriers or facilitators of CPAP adherence).

Should I Take Prediabetes Seriously or Not: A Qualitative Study on People's Perceptions of Prediabetes.

It is critical to ensure that lifestyle change programs are tailored to the person with prediabetes needs and wishes. However, programs that are carried out in research settings to delay or prevent Type 2 diabetes in people with prediabetes do not translate easily to everyday settings. There is a need to explore further the perceptions of people with prediabetes about the condition and their role in self-management to better balance the content of intervention programs for prediabetes with the participants' life context and experience.

Diabetes distress and associated psychosocial factors in type 2 diabetes. A population-based cross-sectional study. The HUNT study, Norway.

Background And Aim: The world-wide prevalence of diabetes distress varies, and studies are mainly undertaken in clinical settings. By using data from the Trøndelag Health (HUNT) study, we aimed to estimate diabetes distress prevalence, its determinants, and associations with anxiety and depression among adults with type 2 diabetes.

Methods: This population-based cross-sectional study consists of individuals ≥ 20 years with type 2 diabetes participating in the HUNT4 survey (2017-2019).

Examining the Emotional and Physical Health Impact in Users of Open-Source Automated Insulin Delivery and Sources of Support: Qualitative Analysis of Patient Narratives.

Background: Although commercially developed automated insulin delivery (AID) systems have recently been approved and become available in a limited number of countries, they are not universally available, accessible, or affordable. Therefore, open-source AID systems, cocreated by an online community of people with diabetes and their families behind the hashtag #WeAreNotWaiting, have become increasingly popular.

Objective: This study focused on examining the lived experiences, physical and emotional health implications of people with diabetes following the initiation of open-source AID systems, their perceived challenges, and their sources of support, which have not been explored in the existing literature.

Exploring the Possible Relationship Between Mother's Dietary Intake of Tryptophan and Melatonin Levels in Her Breast Milk.

Tryptophan is an essential amino acid that is not produced in the body and can only be consumed through diet. Tryptophan is a precursor for serotonin, which, in turn, helps produce melatonin. Melatonin exhibits a circadian rhythm, peaking at night and dissipating during the day, with basal levels significantly differing between mothers.

Prevalence and risk factors for impaired awareness of hypoglycaemia: A registry-based study of 10,202 adults with type 1 diabetes in Norway.

Aims: The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of impaired awareness of hypoglycaemia (IAH) and examine risk factors for IAH in adults with type 1 diabetes.

Methods: We conducted a population-based registry study of 10,202 adults (≥18 years) with type 1 diabetes using data from the Norwegian Diabetes Register for Adults. The registry used the 1-item Gold scale, measuring hypoglycaemia symptom awareness.

Prediabetes and cardiovascular risk factors: the effectiveness of a guided self-determination counselling approach in primary health care, a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Identify individuals who are at risk of Type 2 diabetes, who also are at a greater risk of developing cardiovascular disease is important. The rapid worldwide increase in diabetes prevalence call for Primary Health Care to find feasible prevention strategies, to reduce patient risk factors and promote lifestyle changes. Aim of this randomized controlled trial was to investigate how a nurse-lead Guided Self-Determination counselling approach can assist people at risk of type 2 diabetes to lower their coronary heart disease risk.

Hypoglycaemia Prevention, Awareness of Symptoms, and Treatment (HypoPAST): protocol for a 24-week hybrid type 1 randomised controlled trial of a fully online psycho-educational programme for adults with type 1 diabetes.

Background: Management of type 1 diabetes (T1D) requires the use of insulin, which can cause hypoglycaemia (low blood glucose levels). While most hypoglycaemic episodes can be self-treated, all episodes can be sudden, inconvenient, challenging to prevent or manage, unpleasant and/or cause unwanted attention or embarrassment. Severe hypoglycaemic episodes, requiring assistance from others for recovery, are rare but potentially dangerous.

An exploration of prenatal breastfeeding self-efficacy: a scoping review.

Background: Breastfeeding self-efficacy is a woman's self-belief and confidence in her perceived ability to breastfeed. This modifiable determinant is strongly associated with breastfeeding initiation, exclusivity, and duration. It is unclear how important the timing of breastfeeding self-efficacy measurement and interventions are.

"I feel like I'm being talked to like an equal": Diabetes language matters to adults with diabetes, a mixed-methods study.

Aim: To explore reactions to and preferences for words/phrases used in communications about diabetes among adults with diabetes and parents of children with diabetes.

Methods: Eligible adults (aged 18+ years) living with diabetes, or parenting a child with diabetes, were recruited via social media to complete an online cross-sectional, mixed-methods survey. Study-specific items were used to examine 22 commonly used diabetes words/phrases in terms of participants' cognitive perceptions ('helpful', 'respectful', 'accurate', 'harmful', 'judgmental' and 'inaccurate') and emotional reactions ('optimistic', 'motivated', 'supported', 'understood', 'offended', 'blamed', 'distressed' and 'angry').

Sensitivity and specificity of Aboriginal-developed items to supplement the adapted PHQ-9 screening measure for depression: results from the Getting it Right study.

Objective: To determine the psychometric properties of an Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander-developed depressive symptom screening scale.

Design: Prospective diagnostic accuracy study.

Setting: Ten primary health care services or residential alcohol and other drug rehabilitation services in Australia that predominantly serve Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples.

Tele-health coaches' responses to clients' emotional cues and concerns and engagement with the Bump to Baby and Me Intervention.

Objective: To explore the relationship between health coaches' responses to emotional cues/concerns and women's subsequent engagement with the health coaching mHealth platform.

Methods: 24 face-to-face video-mediated initial conversations between participants and their health coaches were coded using the VR-CoDES-P method. Women with high risk of developing Gestational Diabetes Mellitus were selected from the study, based on their engagement with the smartphone health coaching platform.

Health and Wellbeing of Regional and Rural Australian Healthcare Workers during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Baseline Cross-Sectional Findings from the Loddon Mallee Healthcare Worker COVID-19 Study-A Prospective Cohort Study.

Background: Coronavirus 19 (COVID-19) has created complex pressures and challenges for healthcare systems worldwide; however, little is known about the impacts COVID-19 has had on regional/rural healthcare workers. The Loddon Mallee Healthcare Worker COVID-19 Study (LMHCWCS) cohort was established to explore and describe the immediate and long-term impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on regional and rural healthcare workers.

Methods: Eligible healthcare workers employed within 23 different healthcare organisations located in the Loddon Mallee region of Victoria, Australia, were included.

Protocol for cost-effectiveness analysis of a randomised trial of mHealth coaching (Bump2Baby and Me) compared with usual care for healthy gestational weight gain and postnatal outcomes in at-risk women and their offspring in the UK, Australia, Ireland and Spain.

Introduction: Gestational diabetes mellitus and overweight are associated with an increased likelihood of complications during birth and for the newborn baby. These complications lead to increased immediate and long-term healthcare costs as well as reduced health and well-being in women and infants. This protocol presents the health economic evaluation to investigate the cost-effectiveness of Bump2Baby and Me (B2B&Me), which is a health coaching intervention delivered via smartphone to women at risk of gestational diabetes.

Nurse rostering: understanding the current shift work scheduling processes, benefits, limitations, and potential fatigue risks.

Background: Implementing appropriate shift work schedules can help mitigate the risk of sleep impairment and reduce fatigue of healthcare workers, reducing occupational health and safety risks. In Australia, the organisation has a responsibility to make sure all reasonable measures are taken to reduce fatigue of staff. Therefore, it is important to assess what the current rostering processes is for staff responsible for creating the rosters for nurses.

The moderating role of psychological resilience in the relationship between fear of COVID-19 and psychological distress, in a cohort of rural and regional healthcare workers. During major lockdowns in Victoria, Australia 2020-2021.

The emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic resulted in substantial pressures for healthcare workers across the world. The association between fear of COVID-19 and psychological distress, and the role of psychological resilience have gained research interest. The current study aimed to investigate the cross-sectional association between fear of COVID-19 and psychological distress, in Australian rural/regional healthcare workers and determine whether resilience modifies this association.

Diabetes Research Matters: A Three-Round Priority-Setting Survey Consultation with Adults Living with Diabetes and Family Members in Australia.

Objective: We aimed to identify the health and quality-of-life research priorities of Australians with diabetes or family members.

Methods: Through an iterative, three-step, online survey process we (1) qualitatively generated research topics (long list) in response to one question "What research is needed to support people with diabetes to live a better life?"; (2) determined the most important research questions (short list); and (3) ranked research questions in order of importance (priorities). We aimed to recruit N = 800 participants, with approximate equal representation of diabetes type and family members.

Sleep and fatigue management strategies: How nurses, midwives and paramedics cope with their shift work schedules-a qualitative study.

Aims: To understand the benefits and challenges of shift work, and the coping strategies used by nurses, midwives and paramedics to manage the impact of shift work on sleep and fatigue from shift work.

Design: A single case study with embedded units.

Methods: Twenty-seven participants were interviewed exploring their shift work experiences, coping strategies used to improve sleep, and what their recommendations are for improving shift work management.

Does insulin pump therapy offer benefits for behaviour, mood, cognition and HbA1c in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes? A randomised controlled trial with observational follow-up.

Aims: Improved behaviour, mood, cognition and HbA1c have been reported with short-term use of continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) in youth with type 1 diabetes (T1D). We sought to re-examine these findings in a randomised controlled trial (RCT), with longitudinal follow-up.

Methods: RCT of youth aged 7-15 years with T1D, at two tertiary paediatric centres.

Maternal Circadian Disruption from Shift Work and the Impact on the Concentration of Melatonin in Breast Milk.

Melatonin in breast milk exhibits a 24-hour circadian rhythm, present in nighttime breast milk but nearly undetectable in daytime breast milk. Shift work can disrupt the circadian timing of individuals, evident in changes in melatonin in saliva and urine samples. However, it is unknown whether these changes are also reflected in breast milk from a shift working mother.

Bringing an end to diabetes stigma and discrimination: an international consensus statement on evidence and recommendations.

People with diabetes often encounter stigma (ie, negative social judgments, stereotypes, prejudice), which can adversely affect emotional, mental, and physical health; self-care, access to optimal health care; and social and professional opportunities. To accelerate an end to diabetes stigma and discrimination, an international multidisciplinary expert panel (n=51 members, from 18 countries) conducted rapid reviews and participated in a three-round Delphi survey process. We achieved consensus on 25 statements of evidence and 24 statements of recommendations.

Rapid Versus Slow Cooling Pasteurization of Donor Breast Milk: Does the Cooling Rate Effect Melatonin Reduction?

There is a question as to whether melatonin levels in breast milk are impacted by the cooling rate postpasteurization. Past research that has used in the Australian donor bank's breast milk Holder Pasteurization technique has reported varying findings regarding melatonin levels postpasteurization. Where breast milk was cooled slowly, a significant reduction in breast milk melatonin levels was observed.

Psychosocial Outcomes Among Users and Nonusers of Open-Source Automated Insulin Delivery Systems: Multinational Survey of Adults With Type 1 Diabetes.

Background: Emerging research suggests that open-source automated insulin delivery (AID) may reduce diabetes burden and improve sleep quality and quality of life (QoL). However, the evidence is mostly qualitative or uses unvalidated, study-specific, single items. Validated person-reported outcome measures (PROMs) have demonstrated the benefits of other diabetes technologies.