superinfection drives Pf phage transmission within airway infections in patients with cystic fibrosis.

Pf bacteriophages, lysogenic viruses that infect are implicated in the pathogenesis of chronic infections; phage-infected (Pf+) strains are known to predominate in people with cystic fibrosis (pwCF) who are older and have more severe disease. However, the transmission patterns of Pf underlying the progressive dominance of Pf+ strains are unclear. In particular, it is unknown whether phage transmission commonly occurs horizontally between bacteria within the airway via viral particles or if Pf+ bacteria are mostly acquired via new infections.

External Validation of an AI mHealth Tool for Gingivitis Detection among Older Adults at Daycare Centers: A Pilot Study.

Objectives: Periodontal disease is a significant public health concern among older adults due to its relationship with tooth loss and systemic health disease. However, there are numerous barriers that prevent older adults from receiving routine dental care, highlighting the need for innovative screening tools at the community level. This pilot study aimed first, to evaluate the accuracy of GumAI, a new mHealth tool that uses AI and smartphones to detect gingivitis, and the user acceptance of personalized oral hygiene instructions provided through the new tool, among older adults in day-care community centers.

Exploring Mortality and Prognostic Factors of Heart Failure with In-Hospital and Emergency Patients by Electronic Medical Records: A Machine Learning Approach.

Purpose: As HF progresses into advanced HF, patients experience a poor quality of life, distressing symptoms, intensive care use, social distress, and eventual hospital death. We aimed to investigate the relationship between morality and potential prognostic factors among in-patient and emergency patients with HF.

Patients And Methods: A case series study: Data are collected from in-hospital and emergency care patients from 2014 to 2021, including their international classification of disease at admission, and laboratory data such as blood count, liver and renal functions, lipid profile, and other biochemistry from the hospital's electrical medical records.

Microbial Dysbiosis in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: A Pilot Study on Biomarker Potential.

Importance: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is closely linked to microorganisms, especially intra-tumoral microbiota. However, the role of commensal microbiota in NPC remains underexplored, with implications for understanding disease mechanisms.

Objective: This study aims to analyze and compare the bacterial microbiota in the nasopharynx and middle meatus (MM) of individuals with NPC and those without NPC.

Clinical characteristics and genomic changes of recurrent Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia.

Background: Recurrent or persistent methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) bacteremia presents significant clinical challenges. Comprehensive genomic-scale studies on the genetic changes in MRSA that correspond to refractory bacteremia are lacking.

Method: From 2011 to 2019, MRSA blood isolates were collected from patients with persistent or recurrent bacteremia at a teaching hospital in southern Taiwan.

Spatial Expression of Long Non-Coding RNAs in Human Brains of Alzheimer's Disease.

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are critical regulators of physiological and pathological processes, with their dysregulation increasingly implicated in aging and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Using spatial transcriptomics, we analyzed 78 postmortem brain sections from 21 ROSMAP participants to map the spatial expression of lncRNAs in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex of aged human brains. Compared to mRNAs, lncRNAs exhibited greater subregion-specific expression, with enrichment in antisense and lincRNA biotypes.

Identification of Podoplanin Aptamers by SELEX for Protein Detection and Inhibition of Platelet Aggregation Stimulated by C-Type Lectin-like Receptor 2.

Tumor cell-induced platelet aggregation (TCIPA) is a mechanism for the protection of tumor cells in the bloodstream and the promotion of tumor progression and metastases. The platelet C-type lectin-like receptor 2 (CLEC-2) can bind podoplanin (PDPN) on a cancer cell surface to facilitate TCIPA. Selective blockage of PDPN-mediated platelet-tumor cell interaction is a plausible strategy for inhibiting metastases.

A Study of Disease Prognosis in Lung Adenocarcinoma Using Single-Cell Decomposition and Immune Signature Analysis.

The development of tumors is a highly complex process that entails numerous interactions and intricate relationships between the host immune system and cancer cells. It has been demonstrated in studies that the treatment response of patients can be correlated with the tumor microenvironment (TME). Consequently, the examination of diverse immune profiles within the TME can facilitate the elucidation of tumor development and the development of advantageous models for diagnoses and prognoses.

Nursing department directors' perspectives on leadership training programme: A descriptive qualitative study.

Background: Leadership training is crucial for nurses to navigate changes, but research on nursing department directors' views of such programmes is limited.

Aim: To explore the perspectives and experiences of nursing department directors regarding a national leadership training programme for mid-level nurse managers.

Design: Descriptive Qualitative Study.

Feasibility and Methodology of a Pilot Free Blood Pressure Monitoring and Follow-Up Program at Two Free Clinics.

Background: Hypertension affects approximately 1 in 2 adults in the US. Home blood pressure (BP) monitoring programs are effective in the diagnosis and management of hypertension. Free clinics serve as an integral safety net for millions of uninsured and economically disadvantaged patients in the US.

Delivery of Superoxide Dismutase 3 Gene with Baculoviruses Inhibits TNF-α Triggers Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Proliferation and Inflammation.

Background: Superoxide dismutase 3 (SOD3), recognized as a potent free radical scavenger, exhibits antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-angiogenic properties. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the protective effects of SOD3 on the vascular smooth muscle cell during atherosclerosis remain unclear.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of the baculovirus expressing SOD3 gene delivery to vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and investigate whether the overexpression of SOD3 mitigates cell proliferation and migration induced by tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α).

Effects of the oxoaporphine alkaloid hernandonine on dengue virus. Evidence for its mechanisms of action.

Background: Dengue, caused by the dengue virus (Orthoflavivirus dengue, encompassing DENV types 1-4), is a member of the Flaviviridae family. The symptoms of dengue range from subclinical or mild manifestations to potentially fatal complications. The management of severe dengue is exceptionally challenging due to the absence of effective antiviral medications.

Antidiabetic Potential of Flower Extract: In Vitro and Intracellular Studies.

(L.) Medic flower (AMf) exhibits both nutritional value and bioactivities such as antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, cardioprotective, and hepatoprotective effects. The aim of this investigation was to examine the potential impact of three different solvent extracts of AMf: supercritical CO extraction extract, water extract, and ethanol extract (AME), on management of diabetes.

Structural insights into Frizzled3 through nanobody modulators.

The Wnt receptor Frizzled3 (FZD3) is important for brain axonal development and cancer progression. We report structures of FZD3 in complex with extracellular and intracellular binding nanobodies (Nb). The crystal structure of Nb8 in complex with the FZD3 cysteine-rich domain (CRD) reveals that the nanobody binds at the base of the lipid-binding groove and can compete with Wnt5a.

Learning Outcomes of Flipped Classroom on Community Health Nursing Course.

Purpose: To improve the quality of community health nursing practice, the learning outcomes of nursing students in community health nursing courses must be enhanced. Although the flipped classroom is considered an effective innovative teaching strategy, evidence of its application in community health nursing courses is limited. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the effects of a flipped classroom approach on community nursing competence, academic performance, course engagement, and learning satisfaction for a community health nursing course.

Stabilization of polyacrylonitrile-based fiber with a quasi-traveling microwave applicator.

This study introduces a novel microwave applicator and optimized processing conditions to enhance the stability of Polyacrylonitrile (PAN)-based precursor fiber (PF). The innovative microwave applicator facilitates the propagation of the electromagnetic (EM) field akin to a quasi-traveling wave, thus circumventing standing wave nodes. This ensures a uniform thermal distribution and broadens the heating zone.

COL6A3 Exosomes Promote Tumor Dissemination and Metastasis in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer.

Our study explores the role of cancer-derived extracellular exosomes (EXs), particularly focusing on collagen alpha-3 (VI; COL6A3), in facilitating tumor dissemination and metastasis in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). We found that COL6A3 is expressed in aggressive ES2 derivatives, SKOV3 overexpressing COL6A3 (SKOV3/COL6A3), and mesenchymal-type ovarian carcinoma stromal progenitor cells (MSC-OCSPCs), as well as their EXs, but not in less aggressive SKOV3 cells or ES2 cells with COL6A3 knockdown (ES2/shCOL6A3). High COL6A3 expression correlates with worse overall survival among EOC patients, as evidenced by TCGA and GEO data analysis.

Complications and Mortality After Surgery in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease: A Retrospective Cohort Study Based on a Multicenter Clinical Database.

Objective: To evaluate the postoperative complications and mortality among patients with chronic kidney disease.

Methods: Biochemical measurements, diagnosis codes for CKD and comorbid conditions for surgical patients aged ≥20 years were obtained from electronic medical records of three large hospitals in Taiwan in 2009-2017. We conducted this retrospective cohort study by using propensity score-matching methods to balance the baseline characteristics between CKD and non-CKD groups.

Left Ventricular Geometry and Inferior Vena Cava Diameter Co-Modify the Risk of Cardiovascular Outcomes in Chronic Hemodialysis Patients.

: Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) represents a significant cardiovascular risk in patients undergoing chronic hemodialysis (CHD). A large inferior vena cava diameter (IVCD), potentially indicative of fluid overload and a contributing factor to elevated cardiovascular risk, has not been sufficiently explored. Therefore, our study aims to gain further insights into this aspect.

Surgical outcomes of hidradenitis suppurativa: evaluating factors influencing recurrence and complications after 284 complete excisions.

Background: Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic inflammatory disorder associated with tunnel formation and scarring. Surgical excision is a potential curative therapy for HS.

Objectives: To characterize the surgical outcomes of patients with HS undergoing complete excision and to identify the risk factors associated with postoperative recurrence.