Substance use recovery needs among college students seeking recovery services: a thematic qualitative analysis.

Background: College students who are in recovery from substance use disorders face challenges related to abstaining from substance use, finding supportive social networks, and achieving their academic goals. These students may therefore seek out various recovery supports at their institutions to meet their needs and goals.

Methods: This study analyzed previously collected data to explore themes related to students' experiences of recovery, including their recovery needs and challenges while also attending college.

Ultra-low-level measurements of airborne fission products from the Fukushima Daiichi reactor accident using high volume collection systems at Savannah River National Laboratory.

Ultra-low-level measurements of radionuclides in air have been conducted at the Savannah River National Laboratory (SRNL) to determine the atmospheric concentration of fission products released following the Fukushima Daiichi reactor accident on March 11, 2011. Air filter samples were acquired from two high-volume collection systems (a traditional filter-based system and an electrostatic precipitator-based system) to monitor airborne radionuclide concentrations in the period covering from 2 weeks to 3 years after the disaster. The world-wide spread of low-level concentrations of airborne fission products from the Fukushima event provided a unique opportunity to demonstrate SRNL's electrostatic particle collection technology and other improvements in environmental monitoring developed at the Savannah River Site (SRS).

Advancing the science of evaluating Collegiate Recovery Program processes and outcomes: A recovery capital perspective.

Collegiate recovery programs (CRPs) offer resources and programming for postsecondary students in addiction recovery to ensure they can initiate or maintain their recovery and complete college. To achieve these goals, CRPs offer a variety of activities that research and theory suggests should produce positive outcomes among their students; yet the lack of systematic evaluation research in this area means it is unknown which programming components may drive outcomes. Recovery capital theory posits a variety of factors at multiple ecological levels that might influence students' recovery experience and their engagement and success in community programs like CRPs.

A multi-site study of emerging adults in collegiate recovery programs at public institutions.

Background: Collegiate Recovery Programs (CRPs) are campus-based support programs for substance use and recovery needs among college students. These CRPs utilize a variety of program activities and components aimed at promoting healthy development and sobriety while encouraging college retention among participants.

Objectives: Describe the types of activities and administrative structures used in CRPs, examine the characteristics of students involved in this sample, and explore changes in students' outcomes after they have enrolled in a CRP.

Variation in Leaf Respiration Rates at Night Correlates with Carbohydrate and Amino Acid Supply.

Plant respiration can theoretically be fueled by and dependent upon an array of central metabolism components; however, which ones are responsible for the quantitative variation found in respiratory rates is unknown. Here, large-scale screens revealed 2-fold variation in nighttime leaf respiration rate (R) among mature leaves from an Arabidopsis () natural accession collection grown under common favorable conditions. R variation was mostly maintained in the absence of genetic variation, which emphasized the low heritability of R and its plasticity toward relatively small environmental differences within the sampling regime.

London Trauma Conference 2015 : London, UK, 8-11 December 2015.

I1: Trauma, Pre-hospital and Cardiac Arrest Care 2015 Pascale Avery, Leopold Salm, Flora Bird A1: Retrospective evaluation of HEMS ‘Direct to CT’ protocol Anja Hutchinson, Ashley Matthies, Anthony Hudson, Heather Jarman A2 Rush hour – Crush hour: temporal relationship of cyclist vs. HGV trauma admissions. A single site observational study Maria Bergman Nilsson, Tom Konig, Nigel Tai A3 Semiprone position endotracheal intubation during continuous cardiopulmonary resuscitation in drowned children with regurgitation: a case report and experimental manikin study Espen Fevang, Børge Hognestad, Håkon B.

TraitCapture: genomic and environment modelling of plant phenomic data.

Agriculture requires a second green revolution to provide increased food, fodder, fiber, fuel and soil fertility for a growing population while being more resilient to extreme weather on finite land, water, and nutrient resources. Advances in phenomics, genomics and environmental control/sensing can now be used to directly select yield and resilience traits from large collections of germplasm if software can integrate among the technologies. Traits could be Captured throughout development and across environments from multi-dimensional phenotypes, by applying Genome Wide Association Studies (GWAS) to identify causal genes and background variation and functional structural plant models (FSPMs) to predict plant growth and reproduction in target environments.

Behavioral and transcriptome alterations in male and female mice with postnatal deletion of TrkB in dorsal striatal medium spiny neurons.

Background: The high affinity tyrosine kinase receptor, TrkB, is the primary receptor for brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and plays an important role in development, maintenance and plasticity of the striatal output medium size spiny neuron. The striatal BDNF/TrkB system is thereby implicated in many physiologic and pathophysiologic processes, the latter including mood disorders, addiction, and Huntington's disease. We crossed a mouse harboring a transgene directing cre-recombinase expression primarily to postnatal, dorsal striatal medium spiny neurons, to a mouse containing a floxed TrkB allele (fB) mouse designed for deletion of TrkB to determine its role in the adult striatum.

NHC-mediated enantioselective formal [4 + 2] cycloadditions of alkylarylketenes and β,γ-unsaturated α-ketocarboxylic esters and amides.

Chiral N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) promote the asymmetric formal [4 + 2] cycloaddition of alkylarylketenes with β,γ-unsaturated α-ketocarboxylic esters and amides. Divergent diastereoselectivity is observed in this process, with γ-aryl-β,γ-unsaturated α-ketocarboxylic esters and amides giving preferentially syn-dihydropyranones (up to 68 : 32 dr syn : anti, up to 98% ee), while γ-alkyl-derivatives generate anti-dihydropyranones (up to 18 : 82 dr syn : anti, up to 75% ee).

In vivo cell-autonomous transcriptional abnormalities revealed in mice expressing mutant huntingtin in striatal but not cortical neurons.

Huntington's disease (HD), caused by a CAG repeat expansion in the huntingtin (HTT) gene, is characterized by abnormal protein aggregates and motor and cognitive dysfunction. Htt protein is ubiquitously expressed, but the striatal medium spiny neuron (MSN) is most susceptible to dysfunction and death. Abnormal gene expression represents a core pathogenic feature of HD, but the relative roles of cell-autonomous and non-cell-autonomous effects on transcription remain unclear.

Discovery of a selective small-molecule melanocortin-4 receptor agonist with efficacy in a pilot study of sexual dysfunction in humans.

The relevance of the melanocortin system to sexual activity is well established, and nonselective peptide agonists of the melanocortin receptors have shown evidence of efficacy in human sexual dysfunction. The role of the MC4 receptor subtype has received particular scrutiny, but the sufficiency of its selective activation in potentiating sexual response has remained uncertain owing to conflicting data from studies in preclinical species. We describe here the discovery of a novel series of small-molecule MC4 receptor agonists derived from library hit 2.

Triazole oxytocin antagonists: Identification of an aryloxyazetidine replacement for a biaryl substituent.

A series of aryloxyazetidines, aryloxypyrrolidines and aryloxypiperidines were designed based on structural overlap with previously reported arylpyrazine Oxytocin antagonists. Similarly high levels of Oxytocin antagonism were achievable in these new series. Several aryloxyazetidines also showed high levels of selectivity, with one compound, 25, displaying promising in vivo pharmacokinetics and significantly improved aqueous solubility over related compounds containing a biaryl substituent.

Emergency medical services intervals and survival in trauma: assessment of the "golden hour" in a North American prospective cohort.

Study Objective: The first hour after the onset of out-of-hospital traumatic injury is referred to as the "golden hour," yet the relationship between time and outcome remains unclear. We evaluate the association between emergency medical services (EMS) intervals and mortality among trauma patients with field-based physiologic abnormality.

Methods: This was a secondary analysis of an out-of-hospital, prospective cohort registry of adult (aged > or =15 years) trauma patients transported by 146 EMS agencies to 51 Level I and II trauma hospitals in 10 sites across North America from December 1, 2005, through March 31, 2007.

Detecting phasic lapses in alertness using pupillometric measures.

Small, nonreflexive pupillary changes are robust physiological indicators of cognitive activity. In the present paper, we examined whether measures of pupillary changes could be used to detect phasic lapses in alertness during a vigilance task. A polynomial curve-fitting method for quantifying parameters from single task-evoked pupillary responses (TEPRs) is described.

Assessment of risk tolerance for adverse events in emergency department chest pain patients: a pilot study.

Background: Emergency physicians commonly encounter low-probability/high-morbidity decisions, and chest pain is a prime example. Negative outcomes are improbable but feared, resulting in substantially more patients admitted for chest pain than have important disease. The literature gives little guidance on patient preferences for decision-making when the negative outcomes are unlikely but potentially severe.

Expert verification of the knowledge base of FEED--a feedback expert system for EMS documentation.

Feedback Expert System for Emergency Medical Services (EMS) Documentation (FEED) has a rule-based knowledge base (KB) that was verified against specifications in a focus group consisting of six experts. The focus group suggested changes in almost all rules discussed, indicating that the KB did not meet specifications at that stage of development. However, enough information was gathered to address these issues in the next iteration of development.

Triazole oxytocin antagonists: identification of aryl ether replacements for a biaryl substituent.

Several potent aryl ether/triazole oxytocin antagonists are described. The lead compound in this series had significantly improved aqueous solubility over related systems containing a biaryl substituent.

Information needs of pre-hospital care providers - a requirements analysis.

To assess information needs of Emergency Medical Services (EMS) personnel and the potential of electronic decision support tools, we surveyed 39 paramedic students and practicing EMS personnel. We found frequent use of paper-based tools, with imperfect accessibility and ease of use. Potential electronic decision support tools were rated as helpful, but some alerts were rated low.

Expert validation of the knowledge base for E-CAD - a pre-hospital dispatch triage decision support system.

The knowledge base (KB) for E-CAD (Enhanced Computer-Aided Dispatch), a triage decision support system for Emergency Medical Dispatch (EMD) of medical resources in trauma cases, is being evaluated. We aim to achieve expert consensus for validation and refinement of the E-CAD KB using the modified Delphi technique. Evidence-based, expert-validated and refined KB will provide improved EMD practice guidelines and may facilitate acceptance of the E-CAD by state-wide professionals.

Instructions to "push as hard as you can" improve average chest compression depth in dispatcher-assisted cardiopulmonary resuscitation.

Background And Objective: Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) with adequate chest compression depth appears to improve first shock success in cardiac arrest. We evaluate the effect of simplification of chest compression instructions on compression depth in dispatcher-assisted CPR protocol.

Methods: Data from two randomized, double-blinded, controlled trials with identical methodology were combined to obtain 332 records for this analysis.

Neocortical expression of mutant huntingtin is not required for alterations in striatal gene expression or motor dysfunction in a transgenic mouse.

Huntington's disease (HD) is an autosomal-dominant neurodegenerative disease caused by an expanded polyglutamine tract in the ubiquitously expressed huntingtin protein. Clinically, HD is characterized by motor, cognitive and psychiatric deficits. Striking degeneration of the striatum is observed in HD with the medium spiny neurons (MSNs) being the most severely affected neuronal subtype.