Benchmarking Thiolate-Driven Photoswitching of Cyanine Dyes.

Carbocyanines are among the best performing dyes in single-molecule localization microscopy (SMLM), but their performance critically relies on optimized photoswitching buffers. Here, we study the versatile role of thiols in cyanine photoswitching at varying intensities generated in a single acquisition by a microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) mirror placed in the excitation path. The key metrics we have analyzed as a function of the thiolate concentration are photon budget, on-state and off-state lifetimes and the corresponding impact on image resolution.

Psychometric properties of a combined go/no-go and continuous performance task across childhood.

Despite the critical importance of attention for children's self-regulation and mental health, there are few task-based measures of this construct appropriate for use across a wide childhood age range including very young children. Three versions of a combined go/no-go and continuous performance task (GNG/CPT) were created with varying length and timing parameters to maximize their appropriateness for age groups spanning early to middle childhood. As part of the baseline assessment of a clinical trial, 452 children aged 3-12 years (50% male, 50% female; 52% White, non-Hispanic, 27% Black, 16% Hispanic/Latinx; 6% other ethnicity/race) completed the task.

Diagnostic dilemma in a patient with upper arm mass with history of breast cancer and melanoma.

We present a case of upper limb muscle metastasis in a female patient with a history of malignant melanoma. Although melanoma is the fifth most common cancer in the UK, muscle metastases are extremely rare, with only a few cases reported in the literature. We discuss the challenge of diagnosing muscle metastasis on radiological imaging and in particular of distinguishing metastatic lesions to muscle from sarcoma.

Independent Relevance of Different Measures of Adiposity for Carotid Intima-Media Thickness in 40 000 Adults in UK Biobank.

Background Uncertainty persists about carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) as a marker of subclinical atherosclerosis and the independent relevance of different measures of adiposity for CIMT. We assessed the independent relevance of general adiposity (body mass index), central adiposity (waist circumference), and body composition (fat mass index and fat-free mass index) with CIMT among adults in the United Kingdom. Methods and Results Multivariable linear regression of cross-sectional analyses of UK Biobank assessed the mean percentage difference in CIMT associated with equivalent differences in adiposity measures.

A novel gyrovirus is abundant in yellow-eyed penguin (Megadyptes antipodes) chicks with a fatal respiratory disease.

Yellow-eyed penguins (Megadyptes antipodes), or hoiho in te reo Māori, are predicted to become extinct on mainland Aotearoa New Zealand in the next few decades, with infectious disease a significant contributor to their decline. A recent disease phenomenon termed respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) causing lung pathology has been identified in very young chicks. To date, no causative pathogens for RDS have been identified.

Toxoplasma gondii Exposure Prevalence in Little Spotted Kiwi (Apteryx owenii).

Toxoplasma gondii has been reported as a cause of morbidity and mortality in New Zealand's native avifauna, including the ground-dwelling Kiwi (Apteryx spp.). To better understand the extent of T.

Neighborhood characteristics and arterial stiffness among Black adults - Results from the Jackson Heart Study and Morehouse-Emory Cardiovascular Center for Health Equity.

Introduction: Poor quality neighborhood environments are independent risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) but are understudied in Black adults, who face large CVD health disparities. Arterial stiffness, a marker of early vascular aging, precedes development of hypertension and adverse CVD events but the effect of neighborhood on arterial stiffness among Black adults remains unknown.

Objective: We compared the association between neighborhood environment and arterial stiffness among Black adults in Jackson, MS and Atlanta, GA.

HLA-I immunopeptidome profiling of human cells infected with high-containment enveloped viruses.

Immunopeptidome profiling of infected cells is a powerful technique for detecting viral peptides that are naturally processed and loaded onto class I human leukocyte antigens (HLAs-I). Here, we provide a protocol for preparing samples for immunopeptidome profiling that can inactivate enveloped viruses while still preserving the integrity of the HLA-I complex. We detail steps for lysate preparation of infected cells followed by HLA-I immunoprecipitation and virus inactivation.

Healthspan and chronic disease burden among young adult and middle-aged male former American-style professional football players.

Objective: To examine the relationships between age, healthspan and chronic illness among former professional American-style football (ASF) players.

Methods: We compared age-specific race-standardised and body mass index-standardised prevalence ratios of arthritis, dementia/Alzheimer's disease, hypertension and diabetes among early adult and middle-aged (range 25-59 years) male former professional ASF players (n=2864) with a comparator cohort from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey and National Health Interview Survey, two representative samples of the US general population. Age was stratified into 25-29, 30-39, 40-49 and 50-59 years.

On the proposed role of metacognition in environment learning: recommendations for research.

Metacognition plays a role in environment learning (EL). When navigating, we monitor environment information to judge our likelihood to remember our way, and we engage in control by using tools to prevent getting lost. Yet, the relationship between metacognition and EL is understudied.

Association of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Antibody Vaccine Response With Infection Severity in Patients With Cancer: A National COVID Cancer Cross-sectional Evaluation.

Importance: Accurate identification of patient groups with the lowest level of protection following COVID-19 vaccination is important to better target resources and interventions for the most vulnerable populations. It is not known whether SARS-CoV-2 antibody testing has clinical utility for high-risk groups, such as people with cancer.

Objective: To evaluate whether spike protein antibody vaccine response (COV-S) following COVID-19 vaccination is associated with the risk of SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infection or hospitalization among patients with cancer.

Adiposity, Body Fat Distribution, and Risk of Major Stroke Types Among Adults in the United Kingdom.

Importance: Uncertainty persists regarding the independent association of general and central adiposity with major stroke types.

Objective: To determine the independent associations of general and central adiposity with risk of ischemic stroke, intracerebral hemorrhage, and subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Design, Setting, And Participants: Between 2006 and 2010, adults without prior stroke at recruitment in England, Scotland, and Wales were recruited into the UK Biobank prospective cohort study and were followed up through linkage with electronic medical records.

Longitudinal changes in term and preterm infant night wakings: The role of caregiver anxious-depression.

Changes in infant night waking during the first year of life are associated with individual (e.g., prematurity) and family (e.

Work-life balance among health administration faculty before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.

This current study examines measures of work-life balance among health administration faculty prior to and during the COVID-19 pandemic. A repeated cross-sectional design is used to analyze data collected from a national survey in 2018 and 2021. Changes in six different outcome measures of work-life balance were examined using multivariable logistic regression, controlling for health administration faculty characteristics.

Student perceptions of a teaching electronic medical record in Health Administration education.

Given the ubiquity of electronic health records (EHR), health administrators should be formally trained on the use and evaluation of EHR data for common operational tasks and managerial decision-making. A teaching electronic medical record (tEMR) is a fully operational electronic medical record that uses de-identified electronic patient data and provides a framework for students to familiarize themselves with the data, features, and functionality of an EHR. Although purported to be of value in health administration programs, specific benefits of using a tEMR in health administration education is unknown.

Biallelic TLR4 deficiency in humans.

Background: Toll-like receptors (TLRs) mediate functions for host defense and inflammatory responses. TLR4 recognizes LPS, a component of gram-negative bacteria as well as host-derived endogenous ligands such as S100A8 and S100A9 proteins.

Objective: We sought to report phenotype and cellular function of individuals with complete TLR4 deficiency.

Discrimination and social isolation among African Americans: The moderating role of skin tone.

Objectives: Discrimination is an urgent public health problem. A number of major cities and counties across the United States has declared racism a public health crisis. While there is a growing body of research on the discrimination-health connection, less is known regarding the social relational consequences of discrimination.

"People say you're going home, but I don't have a home": Housing After Prison.

Recidivism in Australia is high, especially in the Australian Capital Territory (ACT). While high-quality stable housing has been shown to reduce recidivism, people released from prison face many barriers in obtaining housing. This paper reports on a qualitative study exploring the housing experiences of 11 people released from prison in the ACT.

Faculty salaries in health administration: trends and correlates 2015-2021.

In this study, we provide updated information on salaries of academic health administration (HA) faculty members based on data collected in 2015, 2018, and 2021 and examine characteristics associated with earnings. We present mean inflation-adjusted salaries by demographic characteristics, education, experience, productivity, and job activities. We find that salaries of assistant, associate, and full professors have kept up with inflation and there have not been significant changes in salary by any characteristics over time.

Factors influencing conveyance of older adults with minor head injury by paramedics to the emergency department: a multiple methods study.

Background: Head injury (HI) in older adults due to low-energy falls result in a substantial number of emergency department (ED) attendances. However, mortality associated with minor HI is very low. Reducing conveyance to hospital is important for older adults and is a priority for the National Health Service (NHS).

Polygenic risk in Type III hyperlipidaemia and risk of cardiovascular disease: An epidemiological study in UK Biobank and Oxford Biobank.

Background: Type III hyperlipidaemia (T3HL) is characterised by equimolar increases in plasma triglycerides (TG) and cholesterol in <10% of APOE22 carriers conveying high cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. We investigate the role of a weighted triglyceride-raising polygenic score (TG.PS) precipitating T3HL.

Co-design of an NHS primary care health check for autistic adults.

Autistic people are on average more likely to experience poor health than people who are not autistic. Health checks have been shown to improve access to effective healthcare. This study investigated people's views about a primary care health check for autistic adults.

Family matters: A systematic review and meta-analysis on the efficacy of family-oriented interventions for children with acquired brain injuries.

Introduction: Acquired brain injury (ABI) is a leading cause of disability among children. An increasing number of programs have emerged to involve family members as an integral component of post-ABI rehabilitation. This study aimed to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of such programs among children with ABI.

National Projections for Clinical Implications of Race-Free Creatinine-Based GFR Estimating Equations.

Background: The National Kidney Foundation and American Society of Nephrology Task Force on Reassessing the Inclusion of Race in Diagnosing Kidney Disease recently recommended a new race-free creatinine-based equation for eGFR. The effect on recommended clinical care across race and ethnicity groups is unknown.

Methods: We analyzed nationally representative cross-sectional questionnaires and medical examinations from 44,360 participants collected between 2001 and 2018 by the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.