Diagnostic performance of ultrasound for myositis and fasciitis, including necrotizing fasciitis, in pediatric patients.

Objectives: To demonstrate the diagnostic performance of ultrasound for abnormal magnetic resonance imaging findings in pediatric patients with suspected myositis and fasciitis. We compared sonographic findings between patients with and without necrotizing fasciitis.

Methods: In 21 pediatric patients, the presence or absence of abnormal T2-high signal intensity in subcutaneous fat, peripheral deep fascia, intermuscular fascia, and muscle was recorded.

Subsequent Complications of Pediatric Patients With Osteomyelitis and Accompanying Subperiosteal Abscess.

Background: Subperiosteal abscesses (SAs) are a complication of osteomyelitis that requires surgical intervention. This study aimed to characterize the occurrence of subsequent complications in pediatric patients with osteomyelitis and accompanying SA.

Methods: Fourteen pediatric patients with SAs were included.

Booster administration of Tc-99m PMT for delayed static imaging in patients with biliary atresia.

Objective: Tc-99m N-pyridoxyl-5-methyl-tryptophan (PMT) hepatobiliary scintigraphy has high diagnostic performance for biliary atresia. Our hospital implements standard Tc-99m PMT administration followed by a 6 h static imaging review; booster doses are given in cases requiring 24 h delayed scans. This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of this method.

Imaging Diagnosis for Intradiaphragmatic Pulmonary Sequestration: A Pilot Study.

Objectives: Extrapulmonary sequestration (EPS) within the diaphragm (ID-EPS) is rare and requires additional procedures such as incision or detachment of the diaphragm from the lesion for diagnosis. This study aimed to describe the imaging findings and evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of ultrasonography and computed tomography (CT) for ID-EPS.

Material And Methods: Split diaphragm sign, shape of lesion edge, drainage vein into intra-abdomen on ultrasound and CT, and lesion characteristics on ultrasound were compared between patients with ID-EPS and with above-diaphragm EPS (AD-EPS) using Fisher's exact test.

Ultrasonography for the Detection of Osteomyelitis in Pediatric Patients With Soft Tissue Infection: A Pilot Study.

Objectives: To demonstrate the usefulness of ultrasonography for differentiating soft tissue infections with or without osteomyelitis in pediatric patients who underwent ultrasonography and subsequent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Methods: Twenty-three patients were classified into 2 groups: 12 patients with and 11 patients without osteomyelitis based on MRI. Osteomyelitis using ultrasound is characterized by the presence of bone cortex irregularity and/or subperiosteal abscess formation.

Clinical audit of ultrasonography for detecting sialoliths in the submandibular gland in paediatric patients: A comparison to computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging.

Objectives: To compare the performance of ultrasonography with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) for detecting submandibular sialoliths.

Methods: Thirteen patients with suspected submandibular sialoliths who underwent ultrasonography and CT or MRI were included. Sialoliths were diagnosed using CT (11 cases) or MRI (two cases).

Sonographic Findings of Cervical Chondrocutaneous Branchial Remnants-A Comparison With Dermal Lesions/Cysts and a Literature Review: A Pilot Study.

Objectives: Cervical chondrocutaneous branchial remnants (CCBRs) and dermal lesions, such as epidermoid cysts or brachial anomalies, including lateral cervical cysts/sinuses or dermal sinuses of anterior chest lesions, are usually located at the lower neck at the anterior or posterior border of the sternocleidomastoid muscle (SCM). We aimed to demonstrate the usefulness of ultrasonography in the differential diagnosis and evaluation of CCBRs.

Methods: We evaluated 22 lesions of 20 pediatric patients, classified into CCBR and dermal lesion groups.

A single-center experience of using milk scintigraphy in 251 pediatric patients: A retrospective study.

To report our experience with milk gastroesophageal scintigraphy and the management of gastroesophageal reflux (GER) in children. In 251 pediatric patients we recorded age, underlying disease, central nervous system (CNS) disorders, and GER management. GER management was classified based on treatment plans: grade 0, non-pharmacological treatment; grade 1, non-pharmacological but using a nasogastric tube; grade 2, pharmacological treatment; grade 3, transpyloric feeding; and grade 4, Nissen fundoplication surgery.

Ultrasonographic Findings of Catheter-Related Bloodstream Infection in Pediatric Patients.

Background: Catheter removal is essential for treating catheter-related bloodstream infection (CRBSI); however, clinicians are sometimes hesitant to remove catheters in pediatric patients due to the difficulty of securing vascular access. Confirming the diagnosis of CRBSI is important to justify catheter removal. The purpose of this study was to describe the sonographic findings of CRBSI.

Point-of-care ultrasonography for the diagnosis and manual detorsion of testicular torsion.

Testicular torsion is a urological emergency caused by the loss of testicular tissue due to ischemic damage. Rapid diagnosis and urgent treatment play a crucial role in the management of testicular torsion. Manual detorsion can be performed at the bedside, thereby reducing the duration of ischemia.

Early chemotherapeutic intervention to avoid thyroidectomy in pediatric Langerhans cell histiocytosis with thyroid involvement accompanying tracheal stenosis: a report of two cases.

Thyroid involvement is rare in pediatric Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH). It may cause airway narrowing, leading to acute-onset respiratory distress. Severe cases may require emergent surgical interventions such as thyroidectomy, which should be avoided in children due to higher rates of complication, particularly in infancy.

Useful sonographic findings for diagnosing dermal metastases of rhabdomyosarcoma.

Rhabdomyosarcoma developing in deep locations, such as the genitourinary tract, and perianal and perineal regions, symptoms may be obscure. Dermal rhabdomyosarcoma metastases may be first symptom of that and those arise in the subcutaneous fat tissue, presenting as a high echoic area surrounded by a low echoic area, accompanied by a high echoic peripheral area. These sonographic findings might indicate an aggressive malignant disease, and that would be useful to differentiate from other dermal lesions.

Association between the imaging characteristics of renal abscess and vesicoureteral reflux.

Introduction: Renal abscesses are rare in pediatric populations. We aimed to highlight the differences in the computed tomography (CT) imaging characteristics of renal abscesses in patients with and without vesicoureteral reflux (VUR).

Materials And Methods: Thirteen children with renal abscesses were included and categorized into those with and without VUR.

Association between the dynamic movement of hyperechoic foci and patients'/sonographic outcomes among pediatric patients with portal venous gas following a cardiac event.

Objectives: To demonstrate the association between the dynamic movements of hyperechoic foci in portal venous gas (PVG) and patients'/sonographic outcomes after congenital heart disease or cardiac events.

Methods: Thirty-one pediatric patients requiring management of congenital heart diseases or cardiac events who had PVG on ultrasound were included in this retrospective study. The patient outcome was prognosis: dead or alive.

Prediction of testicular atrophy based on sonographic findings immediately after successful manual detorsion.

Purpose: To investigate and determine the sonographic findings obtained from manually distorted testes to predict testicular atrophy following manual detorsion.

Materials And Methods: Twenty-two patients who had been diagnosed with testicular torsion and undergone manual detorsion were included. These patients were classified according to the presence or absence of testicular atrophy.

Incidence and diagnostic performance of ultrasound for perianal abscess or fistula-in-ano in pediatric patients with perianal inflammation.

Objectives: To describe the incidence and diagnostic performance of ultrasound for perianal abscess or fistula-in-ano in pediatric patients with perianal inflammation.

Methods: We included 45 patients with perianal inflammation who underwent ultrasonography. To demonstrate the diagnostic performance of ultrasound for fistula-in-ano, a definite diagnosis of perianal abscess, and fistula-in-ano was determined as that proven through magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or computed tomography (CT).