The use of adeno-associated viruses (AAVs) as donors for homology-directed repair (HDR)-mediated genome engineering is limited by safety issues, manufacturing constraints and restricted packaging limits. Non-viral targeted genetic knock-ins rely primarily on double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) and linear single-stranded DNA (lssDNA) donors. dsDNA is known to have low efficiency and high cytotoxicity, while lssDNA is challenging for scaled manufacture.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRadiol Imaging Cancer
November 2024
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
October 2024
The electronic properties of moiré heterostructures depend sensitively on the relative orientation between layers of the stack. For example, near-magic-angle twisted bilayer graphene (TBG) commonly shows superconductivity, yet a TBG sample with one of the graphene layers rotationally aligned to a hexagonal Boron Nitride (hBN) cladding layer provided experimental observation of orbital ferromagnetism. To create samples with aligned graphene/hBN, researchers often align edges of exfoliated flakes that appear straight in optical micrographs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: To compare oocyte maturation rates and pregnancy outcomes in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) undergoing biphasic in vitro maturation (capacitation in vitro maturation [CAPA-IVM]) with vs. without follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) priming.
Design: Randomized, controlled, assessor-blinded trial.
Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) is the most prevalent and fastest-growing vector-borne disease globally, with symptoms ranging from mild to severe and, in some cases, fatal. Quang Nam province in Vietnam can serve as a model for dengue epidemiological study, as it is an endemic region for DHF with a tropical climate, which significantly constrains the health system. However, there are very few epidemiological and microbiological reports on Dengue virus (DENV) serotypes in this region due to the limited availability of advanced surveillance infrastructure.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Systematic reviews are performed manually despite the exponential growth of scientific literature.
Objective: To investigate the sensitivity and specificity of GPT-3.5 Turbo, from OpenAI, as a single reviewer, for title and abstract screening in systematic reviews.
Combination of waning immunity and lower effectiveness against new SARS-CoV-2 variants of approved COVID-19 vaccines necessitates new vaccines. We evaluated two doses, 28 days apart, of ARCT-154, a self-amplifying mRNA COVID-19 vaccine, compared with saline placebo in an integrated phase 1/2/3a/3b controlled, observer-blind trial in Vietnamese adults (ClinicalTrial.gov identifier: NCT05012943).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
March 2024
In a stack of atomically thin van der Waals layers, introducing interlayer twist creates a moiré superlattice whose period is a function of twist angle. Changes in that twist angle of even hundredths of a degree can dramatically transform the system's electronic properties. Setting a precise and uniform twist angle for a stack remains difficult; hence, determining that twist angle and mapping its spatial variation is very important.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose To investigate the role of quantitative US (QUS) radiomics data obtained after the 1st week of radiation therapy (RT) in predicting treatment response in individuals with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Materials and Methods This prospective study included 55 participants (21 with complete response [median age, 65 years {IQR: 47-80 years}, 20 male, one female; and 34 with incomplete response [median age, 59 years {IQR: 39-79 years}, 33 male, one female) with bulky node-positive HNSCC treated with curative-intent RT from January 2015 to October 2019. All participants received 70 Gy of radiation in 33-35 fractions over 6-7 weeks.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose Of Review: The evolving role of stereotactic ablative radiation therapy (SABR) as metastasis-directed therapy (MDT) for oligometastatic prostate cancer (omPCa) will be discussed.
Recent Findings: Oligometastatic disease (OMD) is an intermediate state between localized and wide-spread malignant disease. OMD has recently been spotlighted given the increasing demonstration of clinical benefit from local therapies despite presence of metastatic disease and allure of the curative potential of MDT in select cases.
J Speech Lang Hear Res
February 2024
Purpose: This study investigates differences in American English consonants produced by patients who present with various dentofacial disharmonies (DFDs), including severe overbites (Class II), underbites (Class III), and anterior open bites. Previous studies have found that patients with these malocclusion types all produce lingual sibilants and plosives with increased spectral center of gravity and increased spectral variance relative to controls. This result is puzzling since some DFD groups differ from controls in opposite ways, and it is also difficult to interpret because spectral moment measures are affected by a wide range of speech and nonspeech factors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTrop Med Infect Dis
January 2024
COVID-19 significantly disrupted tuberculosis (TB) services in Vietnam. In response, the National TB Program (NTP) integrated TB screening using mobile chest X-rays into COVID-19 vaccination events. This prospective cohort study evaluated the integrated model's yield, treatment outcomes, and costs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) for pregnant women with hepatitis B virus (HBV) presenting with HBV DNA levels of 106 copies/mL or more to hinder mother-to-child transmission (MTCT). Moreover, it is suggested that neonates of HBV-infected mothers receive an HBV vaccine birth dose within 24 hours of birth to mitigate transmission risk.
Methodology: The study included 661 HBV-infected pregnant women and 316 infants from 3 hospitals in Southern Vietnam between October 2019 and November 2020.
Huntington's disease (HD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder caused by CAG trinucleotide repeat expansions in exon 1 of the HTT gene. In addition to germline CAG expansions, somatic repeat expansions in neurons also contribute to HD pathogenesis. The DNA mismatch repair gene, MSH3, identified as a genetic modifier of HD onset and progression, promotes somatic CAG expansions, and thus presents a potential therapeutic target.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground Health care access disparities and lack of inclusion in clinical research have been well documented for marginalized populations. However, few studies exist examining the research funding of institutions that serve historically underserved groups. Purpose To assess the relationship between research funding awarded to radiology departments by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and Lown Institute Hospitals Index rankings for inclusivity and community benefit.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis study uses multitaper spectral analysis to examine the differences in consonants produced by patients who present with different dentofacial disharmonies (DFD) including severe overbites (Class II), underbites (Class III) and anterior open bites. Previous studies have found that patients with these malocclusion types all produce sibilants and plosives with increased spectral center of gravity and increased spectral spread relative to controls. This result is puzzling since some DFD groups differ from controls in opposite ways.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: The aim of the study is to assess the effect of high temperatures on hospitalization for all causes and heat-sensitive diseases among Vietnamese farmers.
Methods: The Poisson generalized linear model and distributed lag nonlinear model were used to investigate the temperature-hospitalization association for all causes and seven cause-specific disease groups.
Results: Every 1°C increase in daily mean temperature above the threshold increased the estimated relative risk (95% CI) of all-cause hospitalization by 1.
Background: Vitiligo is the most common cause of skin depigmentation worldwide. Patients with vitiligo may experience stigma and this needs to be addressed.
Objectives: To evaluate stigma in patients with vitiligo, search for associated factors and establish severity strata for the Patient Unique Stigmatization Holistic tool in Dermatology (PUSH-D) for patients with vitiligo.
In Vietnam, chest radiography (CXR) is used to refer people for GeneXpert (Xpert) testing to diagnose tuberculosis (TB), demonstrating high yield for TB but a wide range of CXR abnormality rates. In a multi-center implementation study, computer-aided detection (CAD) was integrated into facility-based TB case finding to standardize CXR interpretation. CAD integration was guided by a programmatic framework developed for routine implementation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: Profound dengue shock syndrome (DSS) complicated by severe respiratory failure necessitating mechanical ventilation (MV) accounts for high case fatality rates among PICU-admitted patients. A major challenge to management is the assessment of intravascular volume, which can be hampered by severe plasma leakage and the use of MV.
Design: Retrospective cohort, from 2013 to 2021.