Publications by authors named "T-T Huang"

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the most common digestive cancer in the world. Microsatellite stability (MSS) and microsatellite instability (MSI-high) are important molecular subtypes of CRC closely related to tumor occurrence and progression and immunotherapy efficacy. The presence of CD8 CXCR5 follicular cytotoxic T (T) cells is strongly associated with autoimmune disease and CD8 effector function.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Context: Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) is highly endorsed, but HRQOL studies scarcely investigate the following: ICU family members; modifiable end-of-life (EOL) ICU-care factors; conjoint associations with prolonged grief disorder (PGD), post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and depression; and long-term bereavement outcomes.

Objectives: Exploratorily investigate associations of PGD-PTSD-depressive-symptom states (resilient, subthreshold-depression dominant, PGD dominant, and PGD-PTSD-depression comorbid) and quality of EOL ICU care with families' HRQOL 6-24 months post loss.

Methods: This cohort study examined symptoms of PGD (11 items of the PG-13), PTSD (Impact of Event Scale-Revised), and depression (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale), and HRQOL (Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey) among 303 ICU family members.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • * Researchers studied genetic variants (SNPs) of ADAM9 in 702 Taiwanese PCa patients to see how they affect BCR risk and the progression of the disease.
  • * The study found that certain SNPs (particularly rs7006414 and rs6474526) were associated with increased BCR risk and advanced tumor stages, suggesting these genetic variants influence ADAM9 expression and clinicopathological outcomes in PCa patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Aging compromises antitumor immunity, but the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Here, we report that aging impairs the generation of CD8 tissue resident memory T (T) cells in nonlymphoid tissues in mice, thus compromising the antitumor activity of aged CD8 T cells, which we also observed in human lung adenocarcinoma. We further identified that the apoptosis regulator BFAR was highly enriched in aged CD8 T cells, in which BFAR suppressed cytokine-induced JAK2 signaling by activating JAK2 deubiquitination, thereby limiting downstream STAT1-mediated T reprogramming.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • Tumor-specific CD8 T cells in lymph nodes associated with tumors (TdLNs) act as a source of exhausted T cell types within the tumor microenvironment, including progenitor exhausted T cells and new memory T cell subsets.
  • These two subsets play a key role in enhancing the effects of PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) by working together over time and space.
  • While ICB treatment boosts the growth and differentiation of these T cell subsets, it does not prevent them from eventually becoming terminally exhausted, which may contribute to the frequent relapses seen in patients after initial treatment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • The study developed an intranasal COVID-19 vaccine called RBD-HR, which consists of a receptor binding domain-derived protein and a special oil-in-water adjuvant for enhanced immune response.
  • Testing in mice and rats showed that the vaccine generated strong and long-lasting immune responses, producing high levels of neutralizing antibodies against specific SARS-CoV-2 variants for at least six months.
  • Additionally, the intranasal administration of the vaccine resulted in effective mucosal and systemic immunity, and when used as a booster after mRNA vaccines, it provided better immune responses and protection against live virus challenges.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Currently, dogs, especially stray dogs, and/or wild animals are the main sources of rabies transmission, and oral vaccination is the most practical way to control rabies in these animals. Safety and efficacy are two key criteria for developing oral vaccines. Concerning the efficacy of oral vaccines, degradation of immunogens by gastrointestinal fluid is a major challenge, resulting in suboptimal immune responses after vaccination.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Nutrient availability and organelle biology direct tissue homeostasis and cell fate, but how these processes orchestrate tissue immunity remains poorly defined. Here, using in vivo CRISPR-Cas9 screens, we uncovered organelle signaling and metabolic processes shaping CD8 tissue-resident memory T (T) cell development. T cells depended on mitochondrial translation and respiration.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • Dual immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) using CTLA4 and PD-(L)1 inhibitors shows improved anti-tumor effectiveness and immune toxicity compared to PD-(L)1 inhibitors alone in advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients.
  • Patients with mutations in STK11 and/or KEAP1 genes benefit more from the combination treatment compared to those receiving only PD-(L)1 inhibitors, as shown in the POSEIDON trial.
  • The loss of KEAP1 serves as a strong predictor for the success of dual ICB, as it leads to a more favorable outcome by changing the tumor's immune environment to better engage CD4 and CD8 T cells for anti-tumor activity. *
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Heroin dependence (HD) is a complex disease with a substantial genetic contribution and is associated with traits of impulsivity and specific personality traits. The neurotrophic factor nerve growth factor (NGF) may mediate the reward processes in HD. This study aims to investigate whether NGF gene polymorphisms are associated with the co-occurrence of HD and impulsivity/specific personality traits in HD patients.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Semiconductor spin qubits represent a promising platform for future large-scale quantum computers owing to their excellent qubit performance, as well as the ability to leverage the mature semiconductor manufacturing industry for scaling up. Individual qubit control, however, commonly relies on spectral selectivity, where individual microwave signals of distinct frequencies are used to address each qubit. As quantum processors scale up, this approach will suffer from frequency crowding, control signal interference and unfeasible bandwidth requirements.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • Scientists found a special type of T cell in lymph nodes that helps fight tumors, called TdLN-T cells.
  • These TdLN-T cells can turn into exhausted T cells but also help create more CD8 T cells that attack tumors.
  • The study shows that a protein called ID3 is important for keeping these T cells alive, and if there's less ID3, the body can't fight tumors as well.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

This study investigated the effects of oral nutritional supplements (ONSs) along with dietary counseling (DC) in community-dwelling older adults at risk of malnutrition. In this randomized controlled trial, 196 older adults who were at risk of malnutrition, as identified by the Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool (MUST) were randomly assigned to receive ONSs twice daily with DC (intervention) or DC-only (control) for 60 days. Primary outcome was change in body weight from baseline to day 60.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • Researchers addressed the limited access to lower motor neurons (LMNs) in the mammalian spinal cord by creating single cell multiome datasets from mouse and macaque spinal cords to identify enhancers for different neuronal populations.* -
  • They cloned identified enhancers into viral vectors and conducted functional tests in mice to screen for effective candidates, which were then validated in rats and macaques.* -
  • This new toolkit for labeling LMNs and upper motor neurons (UMNs) can facilitate future research on cell function across species and contribute to potential therapies for neurodegenerative diseases in humans.*
View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • Exhausted CD8 T cells in chronic viral infections and cancer express inhibitory receptors (IRs) like PD-1, which can be blocked to reinvigorate T cell function.
  • Co-targeting multiple IRs, such as PD-1 and LAG-3, can enhance T cell response and disease control beyond blocking PD-1 alone.
  • The study reveals distinct functions of PD-1 and LAG-3 in T cell activity, showing LAG-3's role in T cell durability and in creating a subset of T cells that are more effective at killing cancer or infected cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Hyperproliferative keratinocytes and subcutaneous inflammation contribute to the characteristic symptoms of psoriasis, including erythema, scales, or scaly plaques on the skin. These symptoms significantly affect patients' quality of life and cause severe physical and psychological distress. However, current treatment strategies have limited therapeutic effect and may lead to adverse side effects.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Symbiotic nodules comprise two classes, indeterminate and determinate, defined by the presence/absence of apical meristem and developmental zonation. Why meristem and zonation are absent from determinate nodules remains unclear. Here, we define cell types in developing soybean nodules, highlighting the undifferentiated infection zones and differentiated nitrogen-fixation zones.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Interleukin-17 (IL-17)-producing helper T (T17) cells are heterogenous and consist of nonpathogenic T17 (npT17) cells that contribute to tissue homeostasis and pathogenic T17 (pT17) cells that mediate tissue inflammation. Here, we characterize regulatory pathways underlying T17 heterogeneity and discover substantial differences in the chromatin landscape of npT17 and pT17 cells both in vitro and in vivo. Compared to other CD4 T cell subsets, npT17 cells share accessible chromatin configurations with regulatory T cells, whereas pT17 cells exhibit features of both npT17 cells and type 1 helper T (T1) cells.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a common complication of systemic sclerosis (SSc) and a leading cause of mortality among patients with this disease. PH can also occur as an idiopathic condition (idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension). Investigation of transcriptomic alterations in vascular populations is critical to elucidating cellular mechanisms underlying pathobiology of SSc-associated and idiopathic PH.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Syntaxin6 (STX6) is a SNARE (Soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptors) protein complex located in the trans-Golgi network and endosomes, which is closely associated with a variety of intracellular membrane transport events. STX6 has been shown to be overexpressed in a variety of human malignant tumors such as esophageal, colorectal, and renal cell carcinomas, and participates in tumorigenesis and development.

Methods: Based on clinical public database and clinical liver samples analysis, the expression of STX6 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissues was investigated.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Osimertinib is a recommended treatment for advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with an epidermal growth factor receptor () mutation and as adjuvant treatment for resected -mutated NSCLC. EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors have shown preliminary efficacy in unresectable stage III -mutated NSCLC.

Methods: In this phase 3, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, we randomly assigned patients with unresectable -mutated stage III NSCLC without progression during or after chemoradiotherapy to receive osimertinib or placebo until disease progression occurred (as assessed by blinded independent central review) or the regimen was discontinued.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Objectives: To assess leukemia risk in occupational populations exposed to low levels of benzene.

Methods: Leukemia incidence data from the Chinese Benzene Cohort Study were fitted using the Linearized multistage (LMS) model. Individual benzene exposure levels, urinary S-phenylmercapturic acid (S-PMA) and trans, trans-muconic acid (-MA) were measured among 98 benzene-exposed workers from factories in China.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Targeted therapy is effective in many tumor types including lung cancer, the leading cause of cancer mortality. Paradigm defining examples are targeted therapies directed against non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) subtypes with oncogenic alterations in EGFR, ALK and KRAS. The success of targeted therapy is limited by drug-tolerant persister cells (DTPs) which withstand and adapt to treatment and comprise the residual disease state that is typical during treatment with clinical targeted therapies.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Telomeres as the protective ends of linear chromosomes, are synthesized by the enzyme telomerase (TERT). Critically short telomeres essentially contribute to aging-related diseases and are associated with a broad spectrum of disorders known as telomeropathies. In cardiomyocytes, telomere length is strongly correlated with cardiomyopathies but it remains ambiguous whether short telomeres are the cause or the result of the disease.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Tumor-specific T cells are crucial in anti-tumor immunity and act as targets for cancer immunotherapies. However, these cells are numerically scarce and functionally exhausted in the tumor microenvironment (TME), leading to inefficacious immunotherapies in most patients with cancer. By contrast, emerging evidence suggested that tumor-irrelevant bystander T (T) cells are abundant and preserve functional memory properties in the TME.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF