Preparation and Preclinical Characterization of a Simple Ester for Dual Exogenous Supply of Lactate and Beta-hydroxybutyrate.

Elevation of the plasma levels of ()-lactate (Lac) and/or ()-beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) occurs naturally in response to strenuous exercise and prolonged fasting, respectively, resulting in millimolar concentrations of these two metabolites. It is increasingly appreciated that Lac and BHB have wide-ranging beneficial physiological effects, suggesting that novel nutritional solutions, compatible with high-level and/or sustained consumption, which allow direct control of plasma levels of Lac and BHB, are of strong interest. In this study, we present a molecular hybrid between ()-lactate and the BHB-precursor ()-1,3-butanediol in the form of a simple ester referred to as .

Diastolic dysfunction in hypertension: a comprehensive review of pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment.

Diastolic dysfunction refers to impaired relaxation or filling of the ventricles during the diastolic phase of the cardiac cycle. Left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (LVDD) is common in hypertensive individuals and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. LVDD serves as a critical precursor to heart failure, particularly heart failure with preserved ejection fraction.