Clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential and type 2 diabetes mellitus among patients with STEMI: from a prospective cohort study combing bidirectional Mendelian randomization.

Aim: Both clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are conditions closely associated with advancing age. This study delves into the possible implications and prognostic significance of CHIP and T2DM in patients diagnosed with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).

Methods: Deep-targeted sequencing employing a unique molecular identifier (UMI) for the analysis of 42 CHIP mutations-achieving an impressive mean depth of coverage at 1000 × -was conducted on a cohort of 1430 patients diagnosed with acute myocardial infarction (473 patients with T2DM and 930 non-DM subjects).

Comprehensive single-cell atlas of colorectal neuroendocrine tumors with liver metastases: unraveling tumor microenvironment heterogeneity between primary lesions and metastases.

Background: Colorectal neuroendocrine tumors with liver metastases (CRNELM) are associated with a poorer prognosis compared to their nonmetastatic counterparts. A comprehensive understanding of the tumor microenvironment (TME) heterogeneity between primary lesions (PL) and liver metastases (LM) could provide crucial insights for enhancing clinical management strategies for these patients.

Methods: We utilized single-cell RNA sequencing to analyze fresh tissue samples from CRNELM patients, aiming to elucidate the variations in TME between PL and LM.

Chinese Registry of Rheumatoid Arthritis (CREDIT) VI: Temporal Trends in Patients With Early Rheumatoid Arthritis and Moderate-To-Severe Disease Activity - A Multicenter Cohort Study of Treatment Strategies and Outcomes.

Aim: The continuous update of international guidelines and enhanced availability of biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (bDMARDs) and targeted synthetic DMARDs (tsDMARDs) have made a significant impact on the diagnosis and treatment of early rheumatoid arthritis (ERA). This study aims to systematically evaluate the current treatment strategies and outcomes within a large-scale cohort of patients with ERA.

Methods: Data from the Chinese Registry of Rheumatoid Arthritis (CREDIT), a large multicenter Chinese registry of RA, were collected to analyze temporal trends in clinical profiles, therapeutic strategies, and treatment outcomes among patients with ERA.

Removal of an entrapped guidewire by excimer laser coronary angioplasty in patients with chronic total occlusion intervention.

Guidewire entrapment (GE) is a rare complication that warrants complex interventions or surgical procedures. Here, we report the removal of an entrapped guidewire using excimer laser coronary angioplasty (ELCA) in a case of chronic total occlusion (CTO). Plaque tissue trapped with the guidewire was also removed.

The efficacy of hydroxychloroquine in paediatric chronic immune thrombocytopenia: A retrospective cohort study.

Aims: Research on hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) for children with chronic immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is limited. The association between antinuclear antibody (ANA) positivity and its efficacy remains unclear.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study compared the clinical characteristics of children with chronic ITP who received HCQ with those who did not, as well as patients who responded to HCQ at 3 months with those who did not.

Gastrin-Releasing Peptide Receptor Targeting PET/CT With 68Ga-NOTA-RM26 in the Assessment of Glioma and Combined Multiregional Biopsies.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the value of 68Ga-NOTA-RM26 (68Ga-RM26), a gastrin-releasing peptide receptor-targeting antagonist labeled with the radionuclide 68Ga, in the diagnosis of high-grade gliomas and in combination with multiregional biopsies using PET/CT.

Patients And Methods: After institutional review board approval and informed consent, a total of 35 patients with suspected glioma lesions were enrolled in this study. All patients underwent 68Ga-RM26 PET/CT scans within 2 weeks before surgery.

Disrupted mitochondrial morphology and function exacerbate inflammation in elderly-onset ulcerative colitis.

Background: The characteristics of ulcerative colitis (UC) in the elderly are quite different from the young population. Mitochondrial injury is a key mechanism regulating both aging and inflammation. This study aims to reveal the role of mitochondrial damage in the pathogenesis of adult- and elderly-onset UC.

Ovarian squamous cell carcinoma: clinicopathological features, prognosis and immunotherapy outcomes.

Objective: To explore the characteristics and survival outcomes of ovarian squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and the treatment effectiveness of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs).

Methods: Patients diagnosed with ovarian SCC at Peking Union Medical College Hospital between January 2000 and September 2023 were included. Overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method.

The role of B cells in the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes.

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a metabolic disorder caused by a complete lack of insulin, primarily manifested by hyperglycemia. The mechanisms underlying the onset of T1D are complex, involving genetics, environment, and various unknown factors, leading to the infiltration of various immune components into the islets. Besides T cells, B cells are now considered important contributors to the pathogenesis of T1D, according to recent studies.

A Global Collaborative Comparison of SARS-CoV-2 Antigenicity Across 15 Laboratories.

Setting up a global SARS-CoV-2 surveillance system requires an understanding of how virus isolation and propagation practices, use of animal or human sera, and different neutralisation assay platforms influence assessment of SARS-CoV-2 antigenicity. In this study, with the contribution of 15 independent laboratories across all WHO regions, we carried out a controlled analysis of neutralisation assay platforms using the first WHO International Standard for antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (source: NIBSC). Live virus isolates (source: WHO BioHub or individual labs) or spike plasmids (individual labs) for pseudovirus production were used to perform neutralisation assays using the same serum panels.

Anchorage Accurately Assembles Anchor-Flanked Synthetic Long Reads.

Modern sequencing technologies allow for the addition of short-sequence tags, known as anchors, to both ends of a captured molecule. Anchors are useful in assembling the full-length sequence of a captured molecule as they can be used to accurately determine the endpoints. One representative of such anchor-enabled technology is LoopSeq Solo, a synthetic long read (SLR) sequencing protocol.

Anlotinib in combination with metronomic chemotherapy in HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer: an observational and retrospective study.

Anti-angiogenesis offers an important treatment strategy for metastatic breast cancer (MBC). Metronomic chemotherapy (MCT) provides antiangiogenic effects without increased toxicities, making it good partner for antiangiogenic therapy. We conducted the present retrospective study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of anlotinib plus MCT for HER2 negative MBC.

Clinical and Radiologic Differences in Lung Involvement Between IgG4-Related Disease and Plasma Cell-Type Idiopathic Multicentric Castleman Disease.

Purposes: Immunoglobulin G4-related disease (IgG4-RD) and plasma cell-type idiopathic multicentric Castleman disease (PC-iMCD) have many overlapping features. Their differential diagnosis is challenging and crucial for clinical management due to their different prognoses and treatments. However, reports that compare these conditions are scarce, especially for patients with lung involvement.

Comparison of Embolization Coils and Patent Ductus Arteriosus Occluders for Coronary Artery Fistula Transcatheter Closure: A Single Centre Experience.

Background And Objectives: There is no dedicated occlusive device for closing coronary artery fistulas (CAFs), and specific efficacy and safety data of various off-label occlusive devices for CAFs closure are scarce.

Methods: Patients undergoing transcatheter closure of CAFs from January 2011 to December 2022 were included in the single-center retrospective study. The study population was divided into 2 groups: coils group (n=35) and patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) occluders group (n=66).

CDUNeXt: efficient ossification segmentation with large kernel and dual cross gate attention.

Ossification of the ligamentum flavum (OLF) is the main causative factor of spinal stenosis, but how to accurately and efficiently identify the ossification region is a clinical pain point and an urgent problem to be solved. Currently, we can only rely on the doctor's subjective experience for identification, with low efficiency and large error. In this study, a deep learning method is introduced for the first time into the diagnosis of ligamentum flavum ossificans, we proposed a lightweight, automatic and efficient method for identifying ossified regions, called CDUNeXt.

Exploring the Association Between Food Insecurity, Bowel Health, and All-Cause Mortality in the United States: Insights from NHANES 2005-2010.

Background And Aim: Functional gastrointestinal disorders such as chronic constipation (CC) and chronic diarrhea (CD) impose a significant burden on global healthcare resources. Food insecurity, a crucial social determinant of health, remains unclearly associated with CC and CD. We aim to explore the association between food insecurity and CC and CD, and its impact on all-cause mortality among participants with abnormal bowel health.

Pheochromocytoma in von Hippel-Lindau Disease: Clinical Features and Comparison With Sporadic Pheochromocytoma.

Objectives: Pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas (PPGLs) are manifestations of von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) disease. This study aims to describe the clinical features of PPGLs in VHL patients and the distinctions between VHL disease-related PPGLs and sporadic PPGLs.

Design, Patients And Measurements: The study included all patients with VHL disease and PPGLs treated in a single centre from 2007 to 2023.

Comparative Analysis of Central and Noncentral Degenerative Mitral Regurgitation Treated With Transcatheter Mitral Valve Edge-To-Edge Repair.

Background: Mitral valve transcatheter edge-to-edge repair (M-TEER) was initially indicated for central degenerative mitral regurgitation (DMR) lesions, but advancements in technology have enabled successful treatment in an increasing number of noncentral DMR patients.

Aims: This study aims to compare procedural outcomes and prognosis between noncentral DMR patients, outside clinical trial anatomical criteria, and central DMR patients undergoing M-TEER.

Methods: Drug-refractory moderate-to-severe DMR patients treated with M-TEER at Fuwai Hospital from January 2021 to February 2024 were retrospectively analyzed.

Dysfunction and regulatory interplay of T and B cells in chronic hepatitis B: immunotherapy and emerging antiviral strategies.

In the context of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, the continuous replication of HBV within host hepatocytes is a characteristic feature. Rather than directly causing hepatocyte destruction, this replication leads to immune dysfunction and establishes a state of T-B immune tolerance. Successful clearance of the HBV virus is dependent on the close collaboration between humoral and cellular immunity.

An AI dose-influence matrix engine for robust pencil beam scanning protons therapy.

Background: Rapid planning is of tremendous value in proton pencil beam scanning (PBS) therapy in overcoming range uncertainty. However, the dose calculation of the dose influence matrix (D) in robust PBS plan optimization is time-consuming and requires substantial acceleration to enhance efficiency.

Purpose: To accelerate the D calculations in PBS therapy, we developed an AI-D engine integrated into our in-house treatment planning system (TPS).

Quality of life after idiopathic multicentric Castleman disease in China: a cross-sectional, multi-center survey of patient reported outcome and caregiver reported outcome.

The majority of multicentric Castleman disease (MCD) patients in China are of the idiopathic subtype (iMCD) with systemic manifestations. However, the impact of iMCD on life quality, mental and psychological status, social function, and caregiving burden is poorly understood. To address this gap, a cross-sectional web-based survey was conducted with 178 iMCD patients and 82 caregivers, including 42 patient-caregiver dyads.

Impact of extreme temperature on congenital heart disease mortality: a population-based nationwide case-crossover study.

Background: The association between congenital heart disease (CHD) and non-optimal temperatures has received limited investigation. We aimed to investigate the impact of extreme temperatures on CHD mortality.

Methods: We reviewed the National Mortality Surveillance System of China and retrieved death records attributable to CHD from 2013 to 2021.