Adsorptive removal capacity of gravel for metal cations in the absence/presence of competitive adsorption.

Locally available and low cost granular gravel as an adsorbent material was employed to determine its capacity to remove metal cations Cu(II), Fe(II), Ni(II), and Zn(II) from single metal solution and landfill leachate samples. Adsorption kinetics and mechanism under different parameters including dosage, time, and pH were studied. It was found that the experimental results fitted to the Freundlich model suggesting an adsorption process on a multilayer heterogeneous surface for both single metal solution and landfill leachate samples.

Laparoscopic removal of an autoamputated ovarian cyst in an infant.

Ovarian cysts autoamputation is an extremely rare complication. All reported cases were removed by laparotomy. A successful laparoscopic removal is presented.