Excitatory neuron-prone prion propagation and excitatory neuronal loss in prion-infected mice.

The accumulation of a disease-specific isoform of prion protein (PrP) and histopathological lesions, such as neuronal loss, are unevenly distributed in the brains of humans and animals affected with prion diseases. This distribution varies depending on the diseases and/or the combinations of prion strain and experimental animal. The brain region-dependent distribution of PrP and neuropathological lesions suggests a neuronal cell-type-dependent prion propagation and vulnerability to prion infection.

Intravenous administration of Y-labeled polyoxazoline combined with tumor heating potently inhibits tumor growth in mice.

The basic requirements for the development of radiopharmaceuticals for radionuclide therapy of tumors include marked tumor-specific accumulation and long-term intratumoral retention. We have previously reported an indium-111 (In)-labeled thermoresponsive polymer (polyoxazoline (POZ)) that is soluble at body temperature with rapid clearance from normal tissues but self-aggregates in the tumor upon tumor heating treatment. POZ accumulated in the tumor via self-aggregation under hyperthermic conditions and was retained after stopping heat exposure.

Management of ERCP-related perforation: a large multicenter study.

Background And Aims: Perforation is a rare but serious adverse event associated with endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). There is no consensus to guide clinicians in the management of ERCP-related duodenal perforations, making it difficult to determine whether surgical or endoscopic treatment is optimal. The present study retrospectively evaluated the characteristics and clinical outcomes of patients who experienced ERCP-related duodenal perforations according to the mechanism of injury.

Functions of unique middle loop and C-terminal tail in GnT-III activity and secretion.

Background: N-Glycan branching modulates the diversity of protein functions. β1,4-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase III (GnT-III or MGAT3) produces a unique GlcNAc branch, "bisecting GlcNAc", in N-glycans, and is involved in Alzheimer's disease and cancer. However, the 3D structure and catalytic mechanism of GnT-III are unclear.

Deterioration of the Defecation Status after Hospitalization in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes is Associated with Albuminuria Rather than Diabetic Neuropathy.

Objective To determine the clinical background factors of patients with type 2 diabetes who showed deterioration of defecation status after hospitalization. Methods The defecation status of 128 patients with type 2 diabetes who were admitted to our department for diabetes education was evaluated for 7 days after hospitalization. New-onset constipation was diagnosed when patients without constipation before hospitalization met the criteria for constipation after hospitalization.