Assessing availability and trainees' perceptions of simulation and augmented reality in prosthodontics postgraduate education in Pakistan: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Simulation-based learning (SBL) and augmented reality (AR) /virtual reality (VR) are increasingly adapted and investigated globally to aid traditional teaching methods of clinical skills in several fields of clinical dentistry. This cross-sectional study was, therefore, aimed to assess the availability of such technology to Prosthodontics postgraduate trainees in Pakistan, as well as their introspective views regarding the effectiveness of adapting to simulation-based learning methods.

Method: Total population sampling yielded a sample of 200 participants.

Primary Renal Synovial Sarcoma: A Rare Case Presentation.

Synovial sarcoma is a rare mesenchymal tumor, and its occurrence as a primary renal tumor is exceedingly rare. We are presenting a case of renal synovial sarcoma with lung involvement in a 47-year-old female patient who initially presented with typical renal symptoms, including blood in urine and left flank pain. Imaging revealed a large renal mass with extension into the renal vein and metastatic nodules in the lungs.

Evaluation of root canal morphology of mandibular premolars in Pakistani population using the new classification: a CBCT study.

Background: A comprehensive understanding of the root form and canal anatomy is essential for successful endodontic treatment. This study aimed to evaluate the root canal anatomy of mandibular premolars in the Pakistani population using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and to classify the findings with the new classification proposed by Ahmed et al. METHODS: Ethical exemption was obtained from Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi.

Applicability of Vfrac in men: a qualitative study of an osteoporotic vertebral fracture screening tool for use in older people with back pain.

Unlabelled: The Vfrac clinical screening tool was developed to help primary care healthcare practitioners decide if an older woman with back pain is at high risk of a vertebral fragility fracture (VFF) and requires a spinal radiograph to confirm diagnosis. The Vfrac tool developmental work was carried out in women because of the higher background prevalence of VFF. We now wish to assess Vfrac in men.

Clinical Impact of Somatic Genomic Testing on Breast Cancer Care.

Developments in our understanding of the molecular biology of breast cancer have had a direct impact on the investigations needed to provide optimal breast cancer care. Somatic genomic tests are now used routinely to inform decisions regarding adjuvant chemotherapy use in selected early breast cancer patients, and to identify patients with advanced disease who can potentially benefit from novel targeted agents. In this overview, we describe the somatic genomic tests currently available within the National Health Service (NHS) for early and advanced breast cancer patients.