Short-Term Excess Healthcare Costs Associated with Cardiovascular Events Among Adults with Type 2 Diabetes in Israel: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Objective: The aim was to characterise the short-term (up to 12 months) direct economic burden of new cardiovascular (CV) events among adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D) in Israel.

Methods: In this retrospective cohort study utilising the electronic health records of the Maccabi Healthcare Services, adults aged ≥ 21 years with T2D who experienced their first CV event (2013-2016) were identified via adjudicated enrolment in a CV registry. Wilcoxon rank-sum test estimated excess healthcare resource utilisation in three periods after the CV event: immediate (1 month; for all patients), acute (3 months; for survivors of 1 month of follow-up) and short-term (12 months; for survivors of 3 months of follow-up).

Elevated Costs and Healthcare Resource Utilization in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes and Established Cardiovascular Disease in Israel.

Objectives: To evaluate excess healthcare resource utilization (HRU) and costs among patients with both type 2 diabetes (T2D) and established cardiovascular disease (CVD) relative to those with T2D only, in Israel.

Methods: A retrospective, observational, cohort study of adult patients with T2D from the Maccabi Healthcare Services in Israel who enrolled in a cardiovascular registry between 2013 and 2016 (pre-index date period). Patients with established CVD between 2013 and 2016 were propensity matched 1:2 to control patients without established CVD.

Pathological and molecular characterisation of peste des petits ruminants in Nubian ibex (Capra nubiana) in Israel.

Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) is a devastating disease that generally affects sheep and goats, mostly in Asia, the Middle East and Africa. The disease has been declared a target for global eradication. Despite its high prevalence in domestic flocks and its high seroprevalence among wildlife, it is rarely reported as a fulminant disease in wild ruminant species (with the exception of Central Asia).

Induction, treatment and prevention of eczema vaccinatum in atopic dermatitis mouse models.

Eczema vaccinatum is a severe and occasionally lethal complication of smallpox vaccine, characterized by systemic viral dissemination, distant from the initial inoculation site of the vaccine. A major risk factor for eczema vaccinatum is a background of atopic dermatitis, a chronic, common allergic, relapsing disorder, manifested by dry and inflamed skin, itchy rash, Th2 biased immune response and hypersensitivity to various antigens. Unlike the severe manifestations of eczema vaccinatum in humans, current models present only mild symptoms that limits examination of potential therapeutics for eczema vaccinatum.

Shechita (Kosher slaughtering) and European legislation.

Shechita is the procedure of killing or slaughtering animals for food production, according to Jewish tradition and it is performed without prior stunning. USA and European legislations conditionally allow slaughter without prior stunning in the frame of religion freedom (USA) or religious/cultural traditions (EU); nevertheless some traditional events in Europe de nitely represent a concern for animal welfare. It is possible to identify animal welfare issues in the rules for shechita: correct restrain of the animal; adequacy of the instrument (knife); technical ability of the operator.