Multifunctional Fluorescent Probe for Simultaneous Detection of ATP, Cys, Hcy, and GSH: Advancing Insights into Epilepsy and Liver Injury.

Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is a critical intracellular energy currency that plays a key role in various cellular processes and is closely associated with numerous diseases. Similarly, biothiols such as glutathione (GSH), cysteine (Cys), and homocysteine (Hcy) are integral to many physiological and pathological processes due to their strong redox properties. Simultaneous discrimination and detection of ATP and biothiols offer valuable insights into the pathogenesis of conditions such as epilepsy and liver injury.

Engineering biocompatible carbon dots nano-enzymes hydrogel for efficient antioxidative and anti-inflammatory treatment of dry eye disease.

Dry eye disease (DED) is a complex and multifactorial ocular surface disease. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are of pivotal importance in the inflammatory processes and biological dysfunction associated with DED. In this study, an injectable hydrogel, designated as OHACDgel, was created by combining oxidized HA-containing aldehyde groups (OHA) and gelation (gel) via dynamic covalent linkages of the hydrazine bonds, is employed as the carrier, while polyethylene imine-functionalized carbon dots (PEI-CD) can form dynamic chemical bonds with the hydrogel, thus prolonging the retention time of the ocular.

Multi-signal fluorescent probe for simultaneous differentiation and imaging of Hg, Cys, Hcy, and GSH in living cells and zebrafish.

The Mercury (II) ion (Hg²⁺) is a toxic heavy metal that threatens biological systems by inducing oxidative stress and disrupting the redox balance. Biothiols such as cysteine (Cys), homocysteine (Hcy), and glutathione (GSH) are critical in maintaining redox homeostasis and are implicated in numerous physiological and pathological processes. Understanding the complex interactions between Hg²⁺ and biothiols requires molecular tools capable of simultaneous detection.

Metabolic engineering for single-cell protein production from renewable feedstocks and its applications.

Proteins are indispensable for maintaining a healthy diet and performing crucial functions in a multitude of physiological processes. The growth of the global population and the emergence of environmental concerns have significantly increased the demand for protein-rich foods such as meat and dairy products, exerting considerable pressure on global food supplies. Single-cell proteins (SCP) have emerged as a promising alternative source, characterized by their high protein content and essential amino acids, lipids, carbohydrates, nucleic acids, inorganic salts, vitamins, and trace elements.

Quality of undifferentiated chest pain evaluation and diagnosis guidelines: a systematic review and critical appraisal.

Chest pain is a symptom that is potentially life-threatening and requires quick and accurate evaluations. This article describes the quality of guidelines related to the evaluation and diagnosis of acute, undifferentiated chest pain. After systematically evaluating existing guidelines, we found that there exists a wide variety of quality in these documents.