Iron-associated lipid peroxidation in Alzheimer's disease is increased in lipid rafts with decreased ferroptosis suppressors, tested by chelation in mice.

Introduction: Iron-mediated cell death (ferroptosis) is a proposed mechanism of Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology. While iron is essential for basic biological functions, its reactivity generates oxidants which contribute to cell damage and death.

Methods: To further resolve mechanisms of iron-mediated toxicity in AD, we analyzed post mortem human brain and ApoEFAD mice.

Screening high-risk Veterans for cirrhosis: taking a stepwise population health approach.

Background: Because cirrhosis is often unrecognized, we aimed to develop a stepwise screening algorithm for cirrhosis in the Veterans Health Administration (VHA) and assess this approach's feasibility and acceptability.

Methods: VHA hepatology clinicians ("champions") were invited to participate in a pilot program from June 2020 to October 2022. The VHA Corporate Data Warehouse was queried to identify Veterans with possible undiagnosed cirrhosis using Fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) ≥ 3.

An experimental test of epistemic vigilance: Competitive incentives increase dishonesty and reduce social influence.

Cultural evolutionary theory has shown that social learning is adaptive across a broad range of conditions. While existing theory can account for why some social information is ignored, humans frequently under-utilise beneficial social information in experimental settings. One account of this is epistemic vigilance, whereby individuals avoid social information that is likely to be untrustworthy, though few experiments have directly tested this.

Clinical Validation of MyProstateScore 2.0 Testing Using First-Catch, Non-Digital Rectal Examination Urine.

Purpose: The 18-gene MyProstateScore 2.0 (MPS2) test was previously validated for detection of grade group ≥ 2 (GG ≥ 2) prostate cancer using post-digital rectal examination (DRE) urine. To improve ease of testing, we validated MPS2 using first-catch, non-DRE urine.

Cholesterol deficiency directs autophagy-dependent secretion of extracellular vesicles.

Extracellular vesicle (EV) secretion is an important, though not fully understood, intercellular communication process. Lipid metabolism has been shown to regulate EV activity, though the impact of specific lipid classes is unclear. Through analysis of small EVs (sEVs), we observe aberrant increases in sEV release within genetic models of cholesterol biosynthesis disorders, where cellular cholesterol is diminished.