Interpretable machine learning models for COPD ease of breathing estimation.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a leading cause of death worldwide and greatly reduces the quality of life. Utilizing remote monitoring has been shown to improve quality of life and reduce exacerbations, but remains an ongoing area of research. We introduce a novel method for estimating changes in ease of breathing for COPD patients, using obstructed breathing data collected via wearables.

Investigating the ROS Formation and Particle Behavior of Food-Grade Titanium Dioxide (E171) in the TIM-1 Dynamic Gastrointestinal Digestion Model.

Food-grade titanium dioxide (E171) is widely used in food, feed, and pharmaceuticals for its opacifying and coloring properties. This study investigates the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the aggregation behavior of E171 using the TNO Gastrointestinal (GI) model, which simulates the stomach and small intestine. E171 was characterized using multiple techniques, including electron spin resonance spectroscopy, single-particle inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry, transmission electron microscopy, and dynamic light scattering.

Different effects of cardiomyocyte contractile activity on transverse and axial tubular system luminal content dynamics.

Background: Efficient excitation-contraction coupling of mammalian ventricular cardiomyocytes depends on the transverse-axial tubular system (TATS), a network of surface membrane invaginations. TATS enables tight coupling of sarcolemmal and sarcoplasmic reticulum membranes, which is essential for rapid Ca-induced Ca release, and uniform contraction upon electrical stimulation. The majority of TATS in healthy ventricular cardiomyocytes is composed of transverse tubules (TT, ∼90 % of TATS in rabbit).

Exploring the impact of diabetes on aging: insights from TERT and COL1A1 methylation.

Background/aim: Aging, a multifaceted biological process, leads to diminished physical performance, especially in older adults with diabetes, where a mismatch between biological and chronological age is noticeable. Numerous studies have demonstrated that diabetes accelerates aging at the cellular and organ levels. Notable aging markers are telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT), related to telomere length, and type 1 chain collagen (COL1A1), a key component of skin collagen.