Leader cells promote immunosuppression to drive ovarian cancer progression in vivo.

Over 75% of patients with ovarian cancer present with late-stage disease, often accompanied by extensive metastasis. The metastatic cascade is driven by a sub-population of transcriptionally plastic cells known as "leader cells" (LCs), which play a critical role in collective invasion yet remain poorly understood. LCs are marked by the expression of keratin-14 (KRT14), which determines their migratory and invasive capacity in ovarian cancer.

Utility of a Multi-Marker Panel with Ultrasound for Enhanced Classification of Adnexal Mass.

Pre-surgical clinical assessment of an adnexal mass typically relies on transvaginal ultrasound for comprehensive morphological assessment, with further support provided by biomarker measurements and clinical evaluation. Whilst effective for masses that are obviously benign or malignant, a large proportion of masses remain sonographically indeterminate at surgical referral. As a consequence, post-surgical diagnoses of benign disease can outnumber malignancies up to 9-fold, while less than 50% of cancer cases receive a primary referral to a gynecological oncology specialist.

Natural history of pelvic floor disorders before and after hysterectomy for gynaecological cancer.

Objective: To investigate the prevalence and severity of pelvic floor disorders (PFD), and the associations between treatment type and PFD, and cancer stage and PFD in patients before and after hysterectomy for gynaecological cancer; and the changes in outcomes over time.

Design: Longitudinal cohort study.

Setting: Gynaecological oncology outpatient clinics.

ReClassification of Patients with Ambiguous CA125 for Optimised Pre-Surgical Triage.

Pre-surgical clinical assessment of an adnexal mass is a complex process, and ideally requires accurate and rapid identification of disease status. Gold standard biomarker CA125 is extensively used off-label for this purpose; however its performance is typically inadequate, particularly for the detection of early stage disease and discrimination between benign versus malignant status. We recently described a multi-marker panel (MMP) and associated risk index for the differentiation of benign from malignant ovarian disease.

A Novel Predictive Multi-Marker Test for the Pre-Surgical Identification of Ovarian Cancer.

Ovarian cancer remains the most lethal of gynecological malignancies, with the 5-year survival below 50%. Currently there is no simple and effective pre-surgical diagnosis or triage for patients with malignancy, particularly those with early-stage or low-volume tumors. Recently we discovered that CXCL10 can be processed to an inactive form in ovarian cancers and that its measurement has diagnostic significance.