Specific item patterns in comparison to generalized sum score-the Care Dependency Scale (CDS) as a screening tool for specific care problems.

Aims: The aim of this study is to identify items of the Care Dependency Scale (CDS) with overriding importance for the specific nursing care problems of pressure ulcers, falls, and malnutrition.

Method: Secondary data analysis of 5 multicentre consecutive annual cross-sectional surveys from 2008 to 2012. For the study, data were analysed from 19 787 individuals in 262 long-term care facilities throughout Germany.

[Centrally and non-centrally designed exams in nursing: Comparisons of the final exams in 2008 to 2013 in Berlin focusing on different concepts of professional nursing education].

Introduction: In Germany, nursing education ends with a final written, oral and practical exam. In the federal state of Berlin, Germany, all nursing students take centrally standardized written exams, while the practical and oral exams are developed by each individual nursing school or university and conducted without standardized protocols (non-central). Comparability might be seriously limited by this procedure.

Effectiveness of nurse-delivered patient education interventions on quality of life in elders in the hospital: A systematic review.

Background: Nurse-delivered education is a crucial part of nursing practice; however, evidence regarding its impact on quality of life is lacking. To our knowledge, no systematic review has addressed the effects of nurse-delivered education interventions on the quality of life in a general elderly inpatient population.

Objectives: To evaluate the effectiveness of nurse-delivered education interventions compared to usual care with regard to the quality of life in elders in the hospital.

Effects of a hospital-based education programme on self-care behaviour, care dependency and quality of life in patients with heart failure--a randomised controlled trial.

Aims And Objectives: To evaluate the effects of a nurse-led, hospital-based heart failure specific education session with a three-month telephone follow-up on self-care behaviour, care dependency and quality of life for patients with chronic heart failure.

Background: Patient education in patients with heart failure is able to promote heart failure-specific self-care, to reduce mortality, morbidity and rehospitalisation rates and to enhance quality of life, especially if heart failure education is embedded in a multidisciplinary approach. Evidence of the effect of a nurse-led self-care education, quality of life and care dependency in addition to standard medical treatment in Germany is lacking.