The role of phospho-adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase and vascular endothelial growth factor in a model of chronic heart failure.

We established a stable and reproducible animal model of chronic heart failure (CHF) in sheep to investigate biomolecular changes. Therefore, two biomarkers, adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) were examined to reveal their role during chronic ischemic conditions of the heart. AMPK was studied because it plays an important role in cellular energy homeostasis and its upregulation is associated with myocardial ischemia, whereas VEGF-A was studied because it acts as an important signaling protein for neoangiogenesis.

Hyperhidrosis: evolving concepts and a comprehensive review.

Hyperhidrosis (primary or secondary) describes a disorder of excessive sweating. It has a significant negative impact on quality of life and affects nearly 1% of the population living in the United Kingdom (UK). Axillary involvement is the most common affecting 80% of cases.

Hemodynamic changes in a model of chronic heart failure induced by multiple sequential coronary microembolization in sheep.

Although a large variety of animal models for acute ischemia and acute heart failure exist, valuable models for studies on the effect of ventricular assist devices in chronic heart failure are scarce. We established a stable and reproducible animal model of chronic heart failure in sheep and aimed to investigate the hemodynamic changes of this animal model of chronic heart failure in sheep. In five sheep (n = 5, 77 +/- 2 kg), chronic heart failure was induced under fluoroscopic guidance by multiple sequential microembolization through bolus injection of polysterol microspheres (90 microm, n = 25.

Histological changes in a model of chronic heart failure induced by multiple sequential coronary microembolization in sheep.

Aim: Valuable models of chronic heart failure to perform histological studies are scarce. The authors aimed at investigating histological changes of the heart, lung, liver and kidneys in a stable and reproducible animal model of chronic heart failure in sheep.

Methods: In 8 sheep (N.