Health-care resource use and costs associated with inflammatory bowel disease in northwest London: a retrospective linked database study.

Background: With 20-40% of patients who have inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) not responding to therapy, resource use and costs can be high. We performed a descriptive analysis of health-care data for IBD management in the National Health Service to explore potential areas for improvement.

Methods: In this exploratory study, we analysed real-world data from the Discover dataset for adults with a diagnosis of incident IBD recorded in northwest London, UK, between 31 March, 2016, and 31 March, 2020.

Dysregulated anti-oxidant signalling and compromised mitochondrial integrity negatively influence regulatory T cell function and viability in liver disease.

Background: Dysregulated inflammatory responses and oxidative stress are key pathogenic drivers of chronic inflammatory diseases such as liver cirrhosis (LC). Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are essential to prevent excessive immune activation and maintain tissue homeostasis. While inflammatory cues are well known to modulate the function and stability of Tregs, the extent to which Tregs are influenced by oxidative stress has not been fully explored.

Advances in Liver Transplantation: where are we in the pursuit of transplantation tolerance?

Liver transplantation is the ultimate treatment option for end-stage liver disease. Breakthroughs in surgical practice and immunosuppression have seen considerable advancements in survival after transplantation. However, the intricate management of immunosuppressive regimens, balancing desired immunological quiescence while minimizing toxicity has proven challenging.

Extraspinal articular tuberculosis: An 11-year retrospective study of demographic features and clinical outcomes in East London.

Objectives: To describe demographic features, clinical outcomes and diagnostic delay amongst patients with extra-spinal articular tuberculosis (TB) in a low-incidence setting.

Methods: Cases of TB treated at our institution between 2004 and 2014 were identified via the London TB register (LTBR). Demographic features of extra-spinal articular TB cases were compared to controls with TB at all other sites.

Optimizing regulatory T cells for therapeutic application in human organ transplantation.

Purpose Of Review: Initial clinical trials of adoptive regulatory T-cell (Treg) therapy in solid organ transplantation have proven to be both feasible and well tolerated. With Phase 2 trials underway, efforts have been focused on the optimization of the Treg product.

Recent Findings: With science and our knowledge on the biology of these cells constantly advancing, we have been able to refine our search for a Treg population that would be ideally suited for therapeutic application.