Connexins and Aging-Associated Respiratory Disorders: The Role in Intercellular Communications.

This article reviews the contemporary understanding of the functional role of connexins in intercellular communications, their involvement in maintaining cellular and tissue homeostasis, and in aging-associated respiratory disease pathogenesis. Connexins are discussed as potential therapeutic targets. The review particularly focuses on the involvement of gap junction connexins and hemichannels in the transfer of calcium ions, metabolite molecules, ATP, and mitochondria through the cell membrane.

[Inflammaging: the signaling role of p65 protein from the NF-κB family.].

Inflamaging is a chronic, low-grade inflammation that occurs due to a disruption in the regulation of the immune system during the aging process. This condition is associated with an increased risk of age-related illnesses, such as cardiovascular disease, neurodegenerative conditions, and metabolic disorders. Transcription factor NF-κB is one of the primary regulators of innate and adaptive immune responses, and its activation leads to the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines that contribute to inflamaging.

Inflammaging: Expansion of Molecular Phenotype and Role in Age-Associated Female Infertility.

Cellular aging is considered as one of the main factors implicated in female infertility. We evaluated the expression of senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) markers and additional molecular factors in an in vitro model of cellular aging. We induced genotoxic stress (UVB/UVA ray irradiation) in primary human endometrial cells obtained from female subjects of young reproductive age (<35 years of age).

[Modern approaches to studying the molecular mechanisms of lung functioning in normal and pathological conditions].

Problems with breathing and lung function are caused by the development of various lung diseases associated with lifestyle, harmful environmental factors and genetic predisposition. Knowledge of the molecular mechanisms of the development of the pathological process will allow on time identification of the disease or the development of targeted therapy. The article provides an overview of modern methods that make it possible to most accurately reproduce the structural, functional and mechanical properties of the lung (organ-on-a-chip), to perform non-invasive molecular studies of biomarkers of bronchopulmonary pathology using saliva diagnostics, as well as using DNA and RNA aptamers, verify tumor markers in biological samples of human tissue.