Transitions between positive and negative charge states of dangling bonds on a halogenated Si(100) surface.

Dangling bonds (DBs) are common defects in silicon that affect its electronic performance by trapping carriers at the in-gap levels. For probing the electrical properties of individual DBs, a scanning tunneling microscope (STM) is an effective instrument. Here we study transitions between charge states of a single DB on chlorinated and brominated Si(100)-2 × 1 surfaces in an STM.

PBr3 adsorption on a chlorinated Si(100) surface with mono- and bivacancies.

For the most precise incorporation of single impurities in silicon, which is utilized to create quantum devices, a monolayer of adatoms on the Si(100) surface and a dopant-containing molecule are used. Here, we studied the interaction of phosphorus tribromide with a chlorine monolayer with mono- and bivacancies using a scanning tunneling microscope (STM) at 77 K. The combination of different halogens in the molecule and the adsorbate layer enabled unambiguous identification of the structures after PBr3 dissociation on Si(100)-Cl.

New insights into the structure of the Ag(111)-(4 × 4)-O phase: high-resolution STM and DFT study.

The atomic structure of the Ag(111)-(4 × 4)-O phase was reexamined with scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and density functional theory. We discovered two different phases with the same (4 × 4) periodicity and demonstrated that the accepted Ag model is incompatible with high-resolution oxygen-sensitive STM images. Using bias dependencies of the STM images, we have shown that the (4 × 4) phase is highly nonuniform, with local oxygen coverage varying from 1/8 ML up to 1/2 ML.

Enhancing the reactivity of Si(100)-Cl toward PBr3 by charging Si dangling bonds.

The interaction of the PBr3 molecule with Si dangling bonds (DBs) on a chlorinated Si(100) surface was studied. The DBs were charged in a scanning tunneling microscope (STM) and then exposed to PBr3 directly in the STM chamber. Uncharged DBs rarely react with molecules.

[Features of CD68+ and CD163+ expression in the urinary bladder as a marker of cancer in age aspects.].

The study presents a study of the expression of CD68+ and CD163+ in the bladder as a marker of cancer in age-related aspects. As part of the work performed, 35 patients with bladder cancer with histological verification of the disease aged 36 to 70 years were studied. The role of CD68+ and CD163+ cells in bladder reactions can be interpreted as an indicator of diagnostic parameters of the activity of tissue macrophages and endothelial cells in cancer.