[Age-related changes in the physical development of Kabardin-Balkarian school-children living at various heights above sea level].

Four and eighty-one schoolchildren aged 7-17 years, living at a height of 2100 m above sea level, and 1677 schoolchildren of the same age, living at a height of 100-400 m above sea level, from the Kabardin-Balkarian Republic were examined by the list of morphological indices of physical development (PD), such as height (cm), body weight (kg), and chest circumference (cm). The results were rated by using the 5-score scale, by calculating the integral indicator of PD (low, moderate, and high). The schoolchildren living at high heights were ascertained to have high values.

[Characterization of the physical development of schoolchildren in different regions of Russia].

Age-related changes in some physical development (PD) indices (height, weight, chest circumference, hand dynamometry, and vital capacity) were studied in 21,500 schoolchildren aged 7 to 17 years in 5 federal areas (Central, North-western, Urals, Southern, and Siberian) of the Russian Federation. The moderate development of both morphological and functional characteristics is prevalent in the school-children of all age groups, the proportion of their low development being higher than that of their high development. The proportion of children with average weight is virtually constant in age groups of 7 to 17 years and it is about 50% of the sample.

[The age- and sex specificity of physical development of schoolchildren].

The age-related dynamic changes in the parameters of physical-development (body height, weight, chest circumference, carpal dynamometry, vital capacity of lungs) and of physical training (sprint and long-distance race, chin-up for boys/teenagers, 30-sec. trunk raising for girls, standing broad jump) were studied in schoolchildren, aged 7 to 17, in 5 Federal Okrugs of Russia (Center, North-West, Urals, South and Siberia). The ratios between low, average and high levels of physical development were found to be, on the whole, identical in boys and girls, whereas, the level of physical training in schoolgirls was higher.

[Changes of body mass components and body constitution in boys 7-17 years of age].

The longitudinal studies of boys aged 7-17 years were performed to trace the dynamics of growth processes, indices of endomorphism, mesomorphism and ectomorphism according to type of body build. The indices of somatotype stability, proposed by the authors, depending on the age and body build, are discussed. It is shown that the least variable are the boys of asthenoid and digestive types of body build, while those belonging to muscular and thoraco-muscular types undergo changes most frequently.