[Anti-alcoholic and anti-narcotic action of Methylobacteriim extorquens UCM B-3368].

The paper deals with action efficiency of microbial biomass on characteristic indicators at alcohol and morphine organism intoxication. The investigated microbial biomass affects the regulatory biochemical and physiological systems in experimental animals, normalizes activity of alcohol dehydrogenase and aldehide dehydrogenase, as well as the content of dophamine, disturbed under the effect of alcohol and morphine. Thus, the organism intoxication decreases.

[Excretion of catecholamines in development of the opium and alcohol abstinence syndrome and in post-abstinence period].

Excretion of catecholamines has been studied in patients with opium narcotic and alcoholic dependence in developmental dynamics of the opium and alcoholic abstinence syndrome and in the postabstinence period. It has been revealed that 8-10 h after cessation of the psychoactive substances (the preabstinence period) the level of excretion of adrenaline [A], dioxyphenylalanine [DOPA], dopamine [DA] and, to the greatest extent, of noradrenaline [NA] especially in patients with alcoholic dependence decreases in comparison with the control variant. As compared to the control variant the acute form of abstinence syndrome (1-3 days after cessation of the psychoactive substances is characterized by the higher level of the A and DA excretion and the lower level of the NA excretion (especially in patients with opium narcotic dependence).

[Effect of glutaminic acid on the activity of the sympatho-adrenal system and the concentration of calcium in urine under conditions of development of the alcohol abstinence syndrome].

The paper deals with the influence of glutaminic acid on the functional activity of the sympatho-adrenal system and the concentration of calcium in urine under conditions of the alcoholic abstinence syndrome development. Changes in the functional activity of sympatho-adrenal system and in the concentration of calcium in the process of the abstinence syndrome development are shown to be of the phase character. It is established that in the period of the developed abstinence syndrome glutaminic acid produces a normalizing action on the excretion of adrenaline and dopamine and also facilitates a decrease in the level of calcium in urine.

[Comparative analysis of the effects of alcoholism and opium addiction on liver function].

Groups of patients suffering alcoholism and narcomania were examined for the effect of intoxication on the blood serum enzymes of mainly liver origin: alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), as well as on thymol test. It has been shown that in patients with the first stage of alcoholism one could observe only functional disturbances in the liver: the increase of ADH activity which evidences for the induction of its synthesis. In patients with the first stage of opium narcomania one can record total hyperenzymenia, decrease of de-Rimis coefficient at the expense of more considerable increase of ALT activity than that of AST, as well as the sharp increase of thymol test--these are the signs of destructive and metabolic disturbances in the liver.

[The effect of medikhronal on the psychophysiological and metabolic processes in alcoholism].

Pathopsychological examination, biochemical analysis of blood and urine as well as electroencephalogram (REG) were made in patients of the second (II) stage of alcoholism. The state of higher nervous activity (HNA) before and after treatment with antialcoholic drug medichronal was also analyzed. It has been shown that the course of treatment with medichronal applied to patients with alcoholism results in the removal of the inclination to alcohol, to improvement of functional state of the central nervous system, as well as ethanol (E), acetaldehyde (AcA) and catecholamines (CA) exchange, the disturbances in their metabolism (and first of all AcA) apparently being the basis of pathogenetic mechanisms of alcoholism.