[The effect of polymorphism of genes of xenobiotics detoxication on the frequencies of spontaneous and induced chromosome aberrations in human lymphocytes].

Here presented the data on the frequencies of chromosome aberrations in lymphocytes of peripheral blood of 97 volunteers depending on genotypes by genes of xenobiotics detoxication before and after gamma-irradiation with dose of 1 Gy in vitro. The frequencies of aberrations were estimated by analyzing not less than 500-1000 metaphases per person. The data of cytogenetic analysis were compared with the results of PCR-genotyping of loci GSTM1, GSTT1, GSTP1, CYP1A1, CYP2D6, NAT2, and MTHFR.

[Genotype dependence of cytogenetic and epidemiological characteristics in the liquidators of the accident at the ChNPP].

The dependence of the level of unstable chromosome aberrations and nononcological diseases on the genotype in 57 liquidators of the ChNPP accident was studied. Candidate genes presumably affecting radiosensitivity were highly polymorphic loci of xenobiotic detoxication genes (glutathione-S-transferases GSTM1, GSTT1, GSTP1) and the 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene (MTHFR) involved in DNA methylation and synthesis. An increased frequency (0.

[Stable and unstable chromosome aberrations in humans and other mammals in relation to the problems of biological dosimetry].

Literature data of long-term cytogenetic follow-up of people exposed to radiation as a results of different radiation accidents are considered for the purpose of discussing of some problems of biological dosimetry. The results obtained for mammals are also presented. Of particular interest is a decrease in the level of dicentrics and symmetrical translocations in peripheral blood lymphocytes with the time after acute exposure depending on the dose of irradiation.

[The problem of the transgeneration phenomenon of genome instability in sick children of different age groups after the accident at the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant].

A complex genetic examination of children which belong to two cohorts and their parents were carried out. The first cohort included children and constantly living on territories contaminated with radionuclides (Novozybkov district, Bryansk region). They were subdivided in groups according to the ontogenetic age periods of development of their parents at the time of the Chernobyl accident.

[The theory and practice of constructing calibration curves in biodozimetry].

The methodical peculiarities of experimental construction of regression "dose-effect" relationships used for the dose reconstruction are discussed. The method of computer simulations is applied to study the efficiency of different statistical procedures for plotting regression curves as well as the dependence of errors in dose prediction on the volume of examined material and on the choice of doses for a calibration curve. The causes of essential variability of calibrations obtained by different teams of researchers are discussed.