Evaluation of (Shared) Autonomy in Robot-Assisted Vitreoretinal Surgery Using a Surgical Model.

Background: Robot-assisted vitreoretinal surgery makes it easier for the surgeons to perform precise and dexterous manipulations required in vitreoretinal procedures.

Methods: We systematically evaluated manual surgery, conventional two-hand teleoperation, a novel one-hand teleoperation, and automation in a needle positioning task using a realistic surgical eye model, measuring the expert surgeon's performances and the novice's learning curves.

Results: The proposed one-hand teleoperation improved the positioning accuracy of expert surgeons , enabled novices to achieve a consistent accuracy more quickly , decreased the novice's workload more quickly , and made it easier for novices to learn to conduct the task quickly .

Estimation of foveal avascular zone area from a B-scan OCT image using machine learning algorithms.

Purpose: The objective of this study is to estimate the area of the Foveal Avascular Zone (FAZ) from B-scan OCT images using machine learning algorithms.

Methods: We developed machine learning models to predict the FAZ area from OCT B-scan images of eyes without retinal vascular diseases. The study involved three models: Model 1 predicted the FAZ length from B-scan images; Model 2 estimated the FAZ area from the predicted length using 1, 3, or 5 horizontal measurements; and Model 3 converted the FAZ area from pixels to mm2.

Retinal pigment epithelium-specific ablation of GPx4 in adult mice recapitulates key features of geographic atrophy in age-related macular degeneration.

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of irreversible vision loss in the elderly population, particularly the late-stage of dry AMD known as geographic atrophy (GA), lacks effective treatment options. Genetic mouse models of AMD have revealed the significance of impaired lipid metabolism and anti-oxidative capacity in early/intermediate stage of AMD, but remains unclear in GA that severely damages visual function. Here, to investigate the potential relevance of peroxidized lipids in RPE for late-stage dry AMD, GPx4 mice underwent subretinal injections of RPE-specific AAV-Cre vector or control AAV vector.

Visual prognostic factors following surgery for stage 3 idiopathic epiretinal membrane by Govetto classification.

Purpose: To investigate the visual prognosis of metamorphopsia in patients undergoing surgery for stage 3 idiopathic epiretinal membrane (ERM) by Govetto classification using preoperative optical coherence tomography (OCT) parameters.

Study Design: Retrospective clinical study.

Method: This study included 45 eyes of 45 patients with a minimum follow-up period of 3 months.

Enhancing Visual Acuity through Combined Intraocular Lens Fixation, Penetrating Keratoplasty, and Vitrectomy: The Role of Temporary Landers Wide-Field Keratoprosthesis.

Introduction: Complex corneal conditions present surgical challenges and necessitate innovation. Here, we present two cases where we performed intraocular lens trans-scleral fixation using the double-needle Yamane technique, followed by penetrating keratoplasty and vitrectomy using a temporary Landers wide-field keratoprosthesis.

Case Presentation: Case 1 involved a 70-year-old man with an aphakic eye of bullous keratopathy and corneal opacity owing to multiple penetrating and endothelial keratoplasty, endophthalmitis, and herpetic keratitis.