A Case of Cavernous Sinus Fistula Caused by Ruptured Spontaneous Aneurysm on Persistent Primitive Trigeminal Artery.

The most frequent of the embryonic persistent arteries that connect the internal carotid artery to the posterior circulation is the persistent primitive trigeminal artery (PPTA), which is recognized on 0.1%-0.6% on the basis of conventional angiography or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Impact of preceding treatment for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma on synchronous superficial esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: Patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) frequently develop synchronous head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). With advances in endoscopic technology and widespread screening of synchronous cancers, the detection of synchronous HNSCC and superficial ESCC (SESCC) is increasing. We aimed to evaluate the impact of preceding HNSCC treatment on synchronous SESCC.

Transcanal Endoscopic Ear Surgery for Pediatric Bilateral Congenital Cholesteatoma: A Report of Two Cases.

Bilateral congenital cholesteatoma (BCC) is rare among congenital cholesteatoma (CC) cases, and bilateral surgery poses a significant psychophysical burden on pediatric patients. Here, we present 2 pediatric cases of BCC that were successfully managed using simultaneous bilateral transcanal endoscopic ear surgery (TEES). The surgical approach provided clear visualization of the middle ear structures, enabling successful cholesteatoma removal with minimal invasiveness and a short operative time.

CAR-NK cells derived from cord blood originate mainly from CD56CD7CD34HLA-DRLin NK progenitor cells.

Cord blood (CB)-derived chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-natural killer (NK) cells targeting CD19 have been shown to be effective against B cell malignancies. While human CD56 NK cells can be expanded , NK cells can also be differentiated from hematopoietic progenitor cells. It is still unclear whether CAR-NK cells originate from mature NK cells or NK progenitor cells in CB.