Upright versus recumbent lumbar spine MRI: Do findings differ systematically, and which correlates better with pain? A systematic review.

Background Context: Recumbent MRI is the most widely used image modality in people with low back pain (LBP), however, it has been proposed that upright (standing) MRI has advantages over recumbent MRI because of its ability to assess the effects of being weight-bearing. It has been suggested that this produces systematic differences in MRI parameters and differences in the correlation between MRI parameters and pain or disability in patients thus, potentially adding clinically helpful information.

Purpose: This paper aims to review and summarize the available empirical evidence for or against these two hypotheses.

Barriers and new opportunities in developing effective therapies for diabetic neuropathy: International expert consensus recommendations.

Background: Diabetic neuropathy (DN) affects up to half of individuals with type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Despite evidence that improving metabolic and cardiovascular health can slow its progression, DN remains a significant clinical challenge due to the lack of disease-modifying therapies and effective pain management strategies. This consensus aimed to identify gaps and recommend strategies to address these challenges.

mTOR Ser1261 is an AMPK-dependent phosphosite in mouse and human skeletal muscle not required for mTORC2 activity.

The kinases AMPK, and mTOR as part of either mTORC1 or mTORC2, are major orchestrators of cellular growth and metabolism. Phosphorylation of mTOR Ser1261 is reportedly stimulated by both insulin and AMPK activation and a regulator of both mTORC1 and mTORC2 activity. Intrigued by the possibilities that Ser1261 might be a convergence point between insulin and AMPK signaling in skeletal muscle, we investigated the regulation and function of this site using a combination of human exercise, transgenic mouse, and cell culture models.

Association between exposure to pyrethroids and chlorpyrifos at age 5 years and IQ at age 7 years among children from the Odense Child Cohort, a prospective birth cohort study.

Background: Over the past decade, the use of organophosphate insecticides including chlorpyrifos has faced increasing restrictions due to health concerns, leading to a rise in use of pyrethroids. Concerns about neurodevelopmental insults following pyrethroids exposure exist, but few studies have examined the long-term effects of childhood exposure to chlorpyrifos and pyrethroids on IQ.

Objective: To investigate the prospective associations between pyrethroids and chlorpyrifos exposure at age 5 years and IQ scores assessed at age 7.