Growth Hormone Treatment Improves Cognitive Function in Short Children with Growth Hormone Deficiency.

Background/aims: We investigated the association between cognition and growth hormone (GH) status and GH treatment in short prepubertal children with broadly ranging GH secretion.

Methods: A total of 99 children (age 3-11 years), 41 with GH deficiency (GHD) and 58 with idiopathic short stature (ISS), were randomized to a fixed dose (43 µg/kg/day) or a prediction model-guided individualized dose (17-100 µg/kg/day) and followed up for 24 months. In a longitudinal and mixed within- and between-subjects study, we examined clinical effect size changes, measured by Cohen's d, in full-scale IQ (FSIQ) and secondary IQ indices.

Silent coeliac disease is over-represented in children with type 1 diabetes and their siblings.

Aim: This study measured autoantibodies against tissue transglutaminase (anti-tTG) to detect untreated coeliac disease in children with type 1 diabetes and their siblings.

Methods: Anti-tTG was measured in prospectively collected sera from 169 children at the onset of diabetes, 88 of their siblings and 96 matched control children. Coeliac disease was confirmed with a small intestinal biopsy.

Growth hormone dose-dependent pubertal growth: a randomized trial in short children with low growth hormone secretion.

Background/aims: Growth hormone (GH) treatment regimens do not account for the pubertal increase in endogenous GH secretion. This study assessed whether increasing the GH dose and/or frequency of administration improves pubertal height gain and adult height (AH) in children with low GH secretion during stimulation tests, i.e.

Risks of malignant and non-malignant tumours in tall women treated with high-dose oestrogen during adolescence.

Background/aim: High-dose oestrogen treatment has been used to reduce growth in tall adolescent girls. The long-term safety with regard to cancer has not been clarified. Our aim was to study if this growth reduction therapy affects cancer risk later in life.