[Patulous eustachian tube--little big ailment and its poorly known treatment].

Eustachian tube is normally closed, but the valve of the eustachian tube may occasionally or permanently be left unclosed, resulting in a condition called patulous eustachian tube (tuba aperta). Symptoms caused by patulous eustachian tube, such as locking of the ear, own voice echo (autophony) and sensation of edema or pressure may be inconvenient. In practice, typical anamnesis is sufficient for diagnosis.

Costs and practicability of clean feeding of dairy cattle during radioactive contamination of grasslands.

Both the farm-specific and regional costs of clean feeding as a countermeasure to reduce ingestion of contaminated grass when there is insufficient supply of other types of roughage were estimated for dairy farming in Finland in the first year after contamination. The cost estimation considered expenditures and revenues associated with milk production and were calculated using farm models developed for economic planning. A hypothetical contamination scenario was designed using RODOS models for atmospheric dispersion and transfer in terrestrial food chains.