ESCRT elicits vacuolar fission in the absence of Vps4 in budding yeast.

In budding yeast, endosomal sorting complex required for transport (ESCRT) mediates microautophagy by vacuolar membrane invagination into the vacuolar lumen, followed by Vps4-assisted membrane constriction and abscission. Here, we show that ESCRT elicits vacuolar fission in the absence of Vps4 after nutrient starvation, although vacuolar fusion is facilitated in wild-type cells in these conditions. ESCRT mediated vacuolar membrane invagination in vps4Δ cells, thereby causing vacuolar fission.

Nuclear ESCRT is involved in intranuclear protein quality control by micronucleophagy.

Intranuclear protein quality control (PQC) is critical for protein homeostasis (or proteostasis) in non-dividing cells including brain nerve cells, but its molecular mechanism remains unresolved. In nutrient-starved conditions, elimination of nucleolar proteins is critical for cell viability in budding yeast, providing a model system to study the mechanisms involved in intranuclear PQC. The nuclear-specific endosomal sorting complex required for transport (ESCRT) CHMP7/Chm7 is linked to neurodegenerative diseases, but its known role is limited.

ESCRT mediates micronucleophagy and macronucleophagy in yeast.

Endosomal sorting complex required for transport (ESCRT) is required for maintenance of nuclear functions and prevention of neurodegenerative diseases. The budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is an ideal model for studying ESCRT-dependent diseases. Nucleolar proteins are degraded by macronucleophagy and micronucleophagy after nutrient depletion and inactivation of target of rapamycin complex 1 (TORC1) kinase.

Pancreatitis as immune-related adverse event during pembrolizumab therapy for multiple lung metastases from renal pelvic cancer.

Introduction: Pembrolizumab administration has become the standard of care for patients with urothelial carcinoma, though a variety of adverse events have been reported. Presented here is a rare case of pancreatitis that occurred as an immune-related adverse event.

Case Presentation: An 81-year-old man undergoing treatment with pembrolizumab for multiple lung metastases from renal pelvic cancer was presented with a fever and diagnosed with pancreatitis based on elevated pancreatic enzyme levels and imaging findings.