Development of TiO-SiO Photocatalysts Having a Microhoneycomb Structure by the Ice Templating Method.

Immobilization of TiO-based photocatalysts usually suffers from lowered surface area and mass transfer limitation compared with their suspended counterpart. In this work, TiO-SiO monolithic photocatalysts having straight macropores, called microhoneycombs, were synthesized. The obtained samples had straight macropores with a diameter in the range of 15-40 μm formed by walls having a thickness up to 5 μm.

Ring-size-selective construction of fluorine-containing carbocycles via intramolecular iodoarylation of 1,1-difluoro-1-alkenes.

1,1-Difluoro-1-alkenes bearing a biaryl-2-yl group effectively underwent site-selective intramolecular iodoarylation by the appropriate cationic iodine species. Iodoarylation of 2-(2-aryl-3,3-difluoroallyl)biaryls proceeded via regioselective carbon-carbon bond formation at the carbon atoms in β-position to the fluorine substituents, thereby constructing dibenzo-fused six-membered carbocycles bearing a difluoroiodomethyl group. In contrast, 2-(3,3-difluoroallyl)biaryls underwent a similar cyclization at the α-carbon atoms to afford ring-difluorinated seven-membered carbocycles.

Adsorption and desorption behavior of asphaltene on polymer-brush-immobilized surfaces.

The adsorption behavior of a model compound for surface-active component of asphaltenes, N-(1-hexylheptyl)-N'-(12-carboxylicdodecyl) perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic bisimide (C5Pe), and detachment behavior of asphaltene deposit films for high-density polymer brushes were investigated. Zwitterionic poly(3-(N-2-methacryloyloxyethyl-N,N-dimethyl)ammonatopropanesulfonate (PMAPS) brushes and hydrophobic poly(n-hexyl methacrylate) (PHMA) brushes exhibit less C5Pe adsorption than poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA). The asphaltene deposit films on the PHMA brush detached in a model oil (toluene/n-heptane=1/4 (v/v)), and the asphaltene films on the PMAPS brush detached in water.

Evaluation of rat in vivo fetal-to-maternal transfer clearances of various xenobiotics by umbilical perfusion.

It is important to address the tissue permeability of drugs, particularly in tissues that have a blood-tissue barrier, in terms of both lipophilicity and the contribution of transporters. Here, we employed umbilical perfusion in rats to evaluate in vivo fetal-to-maternal transfer clearances of various xenobiotics. We measured fetal-to-maternal clearance (CLfm ) of 23 compounds, which have a broad range of lipophilicity.

Contribution of organic anion transporting polypeptide (OATP) 1B1 and OATP1B3 to hepatic uptake of nateglinide, and the prediction of drug-drug interactions via these transporters.

Objectives: We have investigated the contributions of organic anion transporting polypeptide (OATP) 1B1 and OATP1B3 to the hepatic uptake of nateglinide, and the possibility of drug-drug interactions via these transporters.

Methods: Uptake studies using transporter-expressing HEK293 cells and cryopreserved human hepatocytes were performed to examine the contributions of each transporter. Inhibition studies using cryopreserved human hepatocytes were performed to examine the possibility of drug-drug interactions.