Alleviating Pain in Oculoplastic Procedures by Reducing the Rate of Injection of Local Anaesthetic.

Purpose: To investigate whether the rate of infiltration of local anaesthetic influences the pain or efficacy of local anaesthesia in oculoplastic surgery.

Methods: A prospective observational study on consecutive patients undergoing a variety of oculoplastic procedures under local anaesthesia. An observer recorded the rate of injection of local anaesthetic during each procedure.

A difficult diagnosis: severe Graves' ophthalmolopathy.

An 81-year-old woman with atrial fibrillation, on warfarin, with known hyperthyroidism, was admitted to hospital following a fall with proptosis and severely restricted movements in her left eye. Medics initially thought the presentation was related to an intracranial pathology but through subsequent tests and examination, ophthalmologists diagnosed a severe case of thyroid eye disease with intense inflammation. The patient responded well to systemic steroid treatment.

A prospective, multicentre study of malignant and premalignant lesions at the base of periocular cutaneous horns.

Purpose: The primary objective of the study was to determine the incidence of the various pathological conditions present at the base of the periocular cutaneous horns. The secondary objective was to study the presentation of these cutaneous horns with a view to finding any clinical indicators for premalignant, malignant and benign lesions at the base.

Methods: Prospective multicentre study of patients presenting with cutaneous horns.

Administration of during colonoscopy: a survey of current UK practice.

Objective: Current British Society of Gastroenterology (BSG) guidelines suggest that should be avoided during colonoscopy in patients with a history of angle-closure glaucoma. Angle-closure glaucoma, however, is not very common, is asymptomatic before onset and is treated definitively by a single laser treatment (if spotted early). Open-angle glaucoma is not affected by .

A case of ectopic cilia in nail-patella syndrome.

Both ectopic cilia and nail-patella syndrome (NPS) are rare entities. To our knowledge we report the first case of the two anomalies coexisting in one patient. We present the case of a 2-year-old girl, with no other ophthalmic complication of NPS, who had an excellent cosmetic outcome and no lesion recurrence following surgical excision of ectopic cilia.