Atmospheric Pressure Laser Ionization Mass Spectrometry with Tunable UV Wavelength Utilizing an Optical Parametric Oscillator.

To our knowledge, this study presents the first implementation of wavelength-resolved resonance-enhanced multiphoton ionization (REMPI) spectroscopy under atmospheric pressure ionization conditions using a high-resolution mass spectrometric system. Atmospheric pressure laser ionization MS spectroscopic measurements were conducted on over 70 different polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and hetero-PAHs (N, S, and O) in standard solutions, as well as three complex PAH-containing samples. The results demonstrate the successful transfer of REMPI spectroscopy from vacuum to atmospheric pressure conditions, maintaining spectral integrity without significant band broadening.

How do different marine engine fuels and wet scrubbing affect gaseous air pollutants and ozone formation potential from ship emissions?

Sulphur Emission Control Areas (SECAs), mandated by the International Maritime Organization (IMO), regulate fuel sulphur content (FSC) to mitigate the environmental and health impact of shipping emissions in coastal areas. Currently, FSC is limited to 0.1% (w/w) within and 0.

Recycling of fiber reinforced composites: Online mass spectrometric tracing, offline physicochemical speciation and toxicological evaluation of a pilot plant pyrolytic conversion.

The increasing demand for lightweight materials with exceptional stability and durability has resulted in a significant rise in fiber-reinforced plastic (FRP) production. These materials find applications in various fields. However, the exceptional properties and diverse compositional range of FRPs pose challenges to conventional recycling strategies.

Humic-like Substances (HULIS) in Ship Engine Emissions: Molecular Composition Effected by Fuel Type, Engine Mode, and Wet Scrubber Usage.

Humic-like substances (HULIS), known for their substantial impact on the atmosphere, are identified in marine diesel engine emissions obtained from five different fuels at two engine loads simulating real world scenarios as well as the application of wet sulfur scrubbers. The HULIS chemical composition is characterized by electrospray ionization (ESI) ultrahigh resolution mass spectrometry and shown to contain partially oxidized alkylated polycyclic aromatic compounds as well as partially oxidized aliphatic compounds, both including abundant nitrogen- and sulfur-containing species, and clearly different to HULIS emitted from biomass burning. Fuel properties such as sulfur content and aromaticity as well as the fuel combustion efficiency and engine mode are reflected in the observed HULIS composition.

Processing of carbon-reinforced construction materials releases PM inducing inflammation and (secondary) genotoxicity in human lung epithelial cells and fibroblasts.

Building demolition following domestic fires or abrasive processing after thermal recycling can release particles harmful for the environment and human health. To mimic such situations, particles release during dry-cutting of construction materials was investigated. A reinforcement material consisting of carbon rods (CR), carbon concrete composite (C³) and thermally treated C³ (ttC³) were physicochemically and toxicologically analyzed in monocultured lung epithelial cells, and co-cultured lung epithelial cells and fibroblasts at the air-liquid interface.