Plasma proteomic analysis reveals key pathways associated with divergent residual body weight gain phenotype in beef steers.

We utilized plasma proteomics profiling to explore metabolic pathways and key proteins associated with divergent residual body weight gain (RADG) phenotype in crossbred (Angus × Hereford) beef steers. A group of 108 crossbred growing beef steers (average BW = 282.87 ± 30 kg; age = 253 ± 28 days) were fed a high-forage total mixed ration for 49 days in five dry lot pens (20-22 beef steers per pen), each equipped with two GrowSafe8000 intake nodes to determine their RADG phenotype.

Effects of rumen-bypass protein supplement on growth performance, hepatic mitochondrial protein complexes, and hepatic immune gene expression of beef steers with divergent residual feed intake.

We investigated the impact of a rumen-bypass protein (RBP) supplement on growth performance, plasma and urinary N (UN) concentration, hepatic mitochondrial protein complexes, and hepatic mRNA expression of immune genes of beef steers with negative or positive residual feed intake (RFI) phenotype. Forty crossbred beef steers with an average body weight (BW) of 492 ± 36 kg were subjected to a generalized randomized block design over a 42-day experimental period. This study followed a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments.

Characterization of rumen microbiome and immune genes expression of crossbred beef steers with divergent residual feed intake phenotypes.

We investigated whole blood and hepatic mRNA expressions of immune genes and rumen microbiome of crossbred beef steers with divergent residual feed intake phenotype to identify relevant biological processes underpinning feed efficiency in beef cattle. Low-RFI beef steers (n = 20; RFI = - 1.83 kg/d) and high-RFI beef steers (n = 20; RFI = + 2.

Effects of dietary supplementation of a blend of , multiple live probiotic bacteria, and their fermentation products on performance, health, and rumen bacterial community of newly weaned beef steers during a 56-d receiving period.

We examined the effects of a blend of , multiple live probiotic bacteria, and their fermentation products on performance, health, and the ruminal bacterial community of newly weaned beef steers during a 56-d receiving period. Forty newly weaned Angus crossbred steers (221 ± 25.6 kg BW; 180 ± 17 d of age) were stratified by body weight () into four pens (10 steers per pen) such that each pen had a similar average BW at the beginning of the experiment.

Effects of direct-fed microbial supplement on ruminal and plasma metabolome of early-lactation dairy cows: Untargeted metabolomics approach.

We examined the effects of 2 multispecies direct-fed microbial (DFM) supplements on ruminal and plasma metabolome of early-lactation dairy cows using a high-coverage untargeted metabolomics approach. A total of 45 multiparous Holstein cows (41 ± 7 DIM) were enrolled for the 14-d pre-experimental and 91-d experimental period and were a subset from a lactation performance study, which used 114 cows. Cows were blocked using pre-experimental energy-corrected milk yield and randomly assigned within each block to 1 of 3 treatments: (1) corn silage-based diet with no DFM supplement (control; CON), (2) basal diet top-dressed with a mixture of Lactobacillus animalis and Propionibacterium freudenreichii at 3 × 10 cfu/d (PRO-A), or (3) basal diet top-dressed with a mixture of L.