[Professor Joachim Albarran. Urologist and scientist ahead of his time].

The article analyzes the scientific and practical activities of the prominent French urologist Professor Joachim Albarran (1860-1912). It is noted that a student of the founder of French urology F. Guyon I.

[Development of surgery of the heart and great vessels in Rassia during the first half of the 20th century].

Analysed in the article are scientific priorities of Russian cardiovascular surgeons in the first half of the 20th century, showing rapid and successful development of surgery of the lungs, heart, and great vessels over a comparatively short time period, also underlining the fundamental works of Yu.Yu. Dzhanelidze, S.

[In memory of professor L. Kasper urologist-innovator and prominent scientist (on the 160th anniversary of his birth and the 60th anniversary of the death)].

The main dates of life and scientific and practical activity of Leopold Kasper are presented. The scientific views and thoughts of the scientist are analyzed. It is shown that after graduating in 1883 from the University of Berlin he specialized in urology under supervision of G.

[Outstanding contribution of german professors J. Israel (18481926) and M. Nitze (18481906) to clinical urology (to the 170th anniversary of their birth)].

The article describes the achievements of James Israel and Max Nitze, who were successfully developing European medicine for more than 30 years of their scientific and practical activities, enriching it with both experimental and large clinical experience. Their scientific and practical accomplishments greatly contributed to the development of modern urology. The author analyzes the fact that the history of medicine gives rich material not only for understanding evolution but also for the possibility to foresee its further development.

[End-results of resection for distal gastric cancer].

End-results of surgery for stomach cancer conducted at the Institute Clinic have been evaluated. In 1982-2002, 260 patients with gastrointestinal tumors underwent subtotal distal resection of the stomach (Billroth-1) and another 220--Billroth-2. Functional outcome was assessed in 122 (46.