Interaction of intracellular hydrogen peroxide accumulation with nitric oxide production in abscisic acid signaling in guard cells.

Unlabelled: Reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide (NO•) concomitantly play essential roles in guard cell signaling. Studies using catalase mutants have revealed that the inducible and constitutive elevations of intracellular hydrogen peroxide (HO) have different roles: only the inducible HO production transduces the abscisic acid (ABA) signal leading stomatal closure. However, the involvement of inducible or constitutive NO• productions, if exists, in this process remains unknown.

Integration Capacity of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Cartilage.

Cartilage particles derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPS-Carts) are one candidate source for transplants for treatment of articular cartilage damage. This study shows that hiPS-Carts integrate with each other in an model and analyzed the course of the integration. The integration starts at the perichondrium-like membrane at around 1 week and then progresses to the central cartilage within 4-8 weeks.

Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate and cytochrome P450 inducers alleviate fatty liver in male rats fed an orotic acid-supplemented diet.

The effects of the peroxisome proliferator, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS), and the typical cytochrome P450 (CYP) inducers phenobarbital (PB) and 3-methylcholanthrene (3-MC) on fatty liver were examined in rats. Treating rats with orotic acid caused marked accumulation of lipid droplets in the liver. This effect of orotic acid was almost eradicated by co-treatment with DHEAS and PB.