Publications by authors named "T Schwartz"
Background: In cohort studies with time-to-event outcomes, covariates of interest often have values that change over time. The classical Cox regression model can handle time-dependent covariates but assumes linear effects on the log hazard function, which can be limiting in practice. Furthermore, when multiple correlated covariates are studied, it is of great interest to model their joint effects by allowing a flexible functional form and to delineate their relative contributions to survival risk.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSuperoxide dismutase enzymes are a major defense against superoxide, which is a potent reactive oxygen species. Misregulation of reactive oxygen species and subsequent neuronal damage are etiological hallmarks of neurodegenerative disease. Macrocyclic small molecules have offered inroads toward functional SOD1 mimics.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- - The study highlights the potential of activating the neurokinin 2 receptor (NK2R) as a dual approach to combat obesity and type 2 diabetes by suppressing appetite and increasing energy expenditure, representing a significant advancement over current multi-drug strategies.
- - Researchers developed long-acting NK2R agonists that can be administered weekly, which showed promising results in mice, leading to weight loss and improved insulin sensitivity without relying on traditional leptin signaling.
- - In tests with diabetic, obese macaques, NK2R activation resulted in substantial reductions in body weight, blood glucose, and cholesterol levels, suggesting a single-target therapeutic option that enhances energy balance and addresses cardiometabolic issues across different species.
Esketamine, the isolated S-enantiomer of ketamine, has been a recent breakthrough as a non-monoaminergic treatment for treatment-resistant depression (TRD). This case report explores a rare adverse event in a 41-year-old female with TRD, who, despite experiencing significant depressive improvement with esketamine, encountered a severe dissociative episode accompanied by hallucinogenic-like phenomena. While esketamine's efficacy in TRD is well-documented, this pronounced dissociation should be taken into consideration by researchers and clinicians before prescribing.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: This pilot trial examined a Physical Activity and Symmetry (PAS) intervention focused on common deficits of physical inactivity and joint loading asymmetry following total knee arthroplasty (TKA).
Design: Participants (n = 60) were enrolled during routine physical therapy (PT) following TKA and randomized to the PAS intervention or an attention (ATT) control group. The PAS intervention included physical activity counseling and balance exercise to address joint loading symmetry; content was delivered during 2 sessions at the end of routine PT plus supplemental sessions 4-weeks and 8-weeks following PT.