Delivery and actuation of aerosolized microbots.

For disease of the lung, the physical key to effective inhalation-based therapy is size; too large (10's of μm) and the particles or droplets do not remain suspended in air to reach deep within the lungs, too small (subμm) and they are simply exhaled without deposition. μBots within this ideal low-μm size range however are challenging to fabricate and would lead to devices that lack the speed and power necessary for performing work throughout the pulmonary network. To uncouple size from structure and function, here we demonstrate an approach where individual building blocks are aerosolized and subsequently assembled in situ into μbots capable of translation, drug delivery, and mechanical work deep within lung mimics.

Speech-language caseloads in the schools: a workload analysis approach to setting caseload standards.

This article highlights key concepts of the recently revised policy documents of the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association on workload and caseload size for speech-language pathologists (SLPs) in schools. A major premise is that the total workload activities required and performed by school-based SLPs must be taken into account to set appropriate and reasonable caseload standards. Current policies and practices used to define caseloads appear to be inadequate to ensure caseloads that allow enough time for the provision of quality services.