Short and Mid-term Outcomes of Ductal Graft with Bilateral Pulmonary Banding in Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome and Variants.

This study evaluates a novel surgical technique inspired by the hybrid Norwood procedure, which involves ductal graft placement and bilateral pulmonary artery banding. This technique is designed to avoid the high-risk classical Norwood stage 1 operation and to avoid the need for first stage invasive catheter interventions and interstage catheter interventions when ductal stent placement is not feasible in developing countries with limited resources. Between June 2015 and December 2022, 14 patients with hypoplastic left heart syndrome and variants were treated using this procedure at our center.

A retrospective analysis of dexmedetomidine and morphine in the fast-track and ultra-fast-track extubation protocol after congenital cardiac surgery.

Background And Aim Of The Study: After congenital cardiac surgery, the duration of mechanical ventilation (MV) is related to the clinical status, type of operation, and the sedative-analgesic agents used postoperatively. This study aims to examine the effects of dexmedetomidine and morphine on the fast-track extubation (FTE) and ultra-fast-track extubation (UFTE) protocol after congenital cardiac surgery.

Methods: A total of 251 pediatric patients were divided into two groups: 118 patients in the morphine group (Group M) and 133 patients in the dexmedetomidine group (Group D).

Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Melatonin in Rats with Induced Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Introduction: Insulin resistance is associated with a pro-inflammatory state increasing the risk for complications in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). In addition to its chronobiotic effects, the pineal hormone melatonin is known to exert anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. Melatonin was also suggested to affect insulin secretion.

The melatonin MT receptor is involved in the anti-apoptotic effects of melatonin in rats with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a widely prevalent chronic disease and risk factor for several other diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases, neuropathy, nephropathy, and retinopathy. Apoptosis is a homeostatic mechanism to maintain cell numbers at a certain level in tissues. Chronic high blood glucose levels might lead to mitochondrial dysfunction and trigger undesirable apoptosis in T2DM.